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Vladimir Georgievich Surdin is a famous astronomer, candidate of physical and mathematical sciences, associate professor of the physics department of Lomonosov Moscow State University, senior research fellow of the Sternberg State Astronomical Institute of Lomonosov Moscow State University. Stars are not the main object in the Universe in terms of mass, but they are the most important. Our world would be invisible and empty if there were no stars in it. By the beginning of the 21st century, astrophysicists understood the main stages of the birth and evolution of stars, but there are still important unsolved problems. Why are small stars more common than large ones? Why do some stars live alone, while others live in groups? What came first - stars or star cities - galaxies? What role did giant black holes play in this? The new James Webb Space Telescope helps to find answers to these questions.