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Stefan Zweig (German: ; November 28, 1881 in Vienna, Austria - February 22, 1942 in Petropolis, Brazil) was an Austrian novelist, playwright, journalist and biographer. With the emergence of National Socialism and the annexation of Austria to Germany, he had to leave Austria in 1934 and fled to London. After the start of the Second World War, Stefan Zweig accepted British citizenship, but he could not stand it in London and went to Brazil through America, Argentina and Paraguay in 1940. Stefan Zweig ended his life on February 23, 1942, in his exile in Brazil, and committed suicide with his wife. He studied philosophy at the University of Vienna and received his doctorate in 1904 with a dissertation on the philosophy of Hippolytus. During the First World War, he served in the archives of the Ministry of War, and the result was a pacifist idea that he remained faithful to throughout his life. After Hitler came to power in Germany, he fled Austria in 1934 and lived in England and then America. In 1941, he went to Brazil, where he and his second wife committed suicide in 1942 due to despair over the future of Europe. Zweig is best known for his short novels (especially Chess and Amok), novels (Awakening Conscience, Confusion of Emotions and The Post Office Girl) and several biographies. Zweig presented his first work called "Lund" to the world of literature, which introduced him to the world of literature as a prominent literary figure. He was one of Freud's outstanding students