Hot compost is a fast and effective method, but requires experience and effort to be successful. Unlike cold compost, it can be used in a short time like a month. (Experts who have perfected the method can reduce this period to two weeks.) If you have a large garden or are starting a new garden, it is very useful for creating fertility quickly. One of the disadvantages of hot compost is that new organic matter cannot be added after the pile is created. In other words, the pile must be created all at once. After the pile is prepared, mold fungi, bacteria, protozoa and nematodes play an active role until the temperature reaches 30 degrees. This stage between 20-40 degrees is called the "mesophilic stage". Between 30-40 degrees, actinomycetes, known as the main humus-forming organisms, begin to dominate. When the temperature reaches 40-50 degrees, almost all of the organisms that initiate composting die and are replaced by thermophilic bacteria that can withstand temperatures up to 70 degrees and produce heat. In the 60-70 degree range, basically all pathogenic organisms die within a few hours, except for a few spores. When thermophilic bacteria consume the food available to them, they stop producing heat and the compost begins to cool. When the temperature drops below the thermophilic stage threshold again, a new group of microorganisms, mainly fungi and actinomycetes, that feed on the remaining organic matter in the pile multiply. They also use the dead bacteria as food. After all these stages are completed, a large number of worms and insect larvae are formed. The material we are left with is an organic mass consisting of substances that can no longer be broken down. The hot compost process occurs in three stages: the mesophilic stage, the thermophilic stage, and the cooling stage. Ammonia compounds, which are toxic to sprouting seeds, reproduce in the first stage and disappear in the cooling stage. How is the hot compost pile prepared? First of all, all the compost production materials that will enter the pile should be at hand and ready. The materials you will use in the compost should be selected from those that are easily found in your location. Therefore, it may not be possible to use the same materials everywhere. For example, it may be easy and cheap to find straw and hay in places where grain production is carried out, but in places where such production is not carried out, using vineyard and orchard pruning residues is a more reasonable solution. The nitrogen and carbon ratios and contents will differ in compost formation. Therefore, how much of each material will be used in compost will vary. If you live in a region where pruning residues that will not break down easily in compost are abundant and you intend to compost frequently or you want to get together with your neighbors to efficiently evaluate organic waste from gardens, it will be useful to get a suitable shredder machine. If you have a small garden and only produce pruning residues as thick as a finger, a small electric shredder can do the job. However, if your garden is large and your pruning residues are 10 cm thick, buying a large shredder powered by a tractor shaft will make your job easier and faster. Although these machines are not cheap, you can get together with your friends and buy a machine that you can use together. Hot compost stages Preparation of the area: You can prepare your compost directly in a pile or in a cage made of wood, wire or other materials of the desired size. Before laying the first layer, placing a few pieces of branches on the ground of the compost area you have chosen or using ground pruning residues creates a hollow structure that allows the pile to breathe from below and is useful. You can also find more creative solutions. Wooden pallets or various porous materials can be used for this purpose. ATTENTION: When choosing a compost area, make sure that it is wide enough to allow turning. It can be difficult to work in a narrow area. The rest of the article and its source are in the link below. Good luck. https://www.bugday.org/portal/haber_d...