Audio file: / wyqvhkjgr068 ---------------------------------- Heaven and hell are not two places, one is full of trees and The patience and atmosphere is smooth and the other is full of fire, but they are two states of the soul. In fact, the meaning of Iqbal is that everyone takes their heaven and hell with them, in the sense that it is already clear who is in heaven and who is in hell. We must definitely state that something called the soul or the soul, which philosophers have mentioned, is one of the teachings of the Muslim religion. No, this is not a Muslim matter. And it has nothing to do with the issue of resurrection because there were some Mu'tazila sheikhs and others who believed that a person after death disintegrates and disappears and will rise again on the Day of Resurrection, but if there is a soul in between and maintains continuity, they are not necessary. They saw and this is not among the necessities of religion. Of course, there were some scholars who, although they believed in the soul or soul, but considered it a physical being, not a single spiritual being like philosophers like Bu Ali Sina or Mulla Sadra. They believed that it is a kind of soft body and its details are not clear anymore. They used to say that the only being who is single is God, and besides him, everyone is a kind of material. Iqbal believes that an individuality remains of us, but what this individuality is like, whether it is necessarily with this body or not, he does not emphasize much. But he says that we don't go in a big sea to disappear so that we don't have any trace of us and we don't come back to this world again, unlike those who say reincarnation, because our perfection is not in returning to this world again, we have our own way. we will continue Iqbal says: Solitude is not our right, but it depends on our merit, that is, it is not like we think that we will surely stay forever, if we have not reached perfection and if we remain at the limit of matter and nature, it is not certain that we will have solitude, and nothing is known. We have a bug. Again, this statement of Iqbal, although it seems very unorthodox, but it is not far from the words of some of the sages of the past who believed that it is impossible to claim that all people have a soul, the same soul that the sages proved, and they said that its proof depends on the preliminaries. Some of the people don't have those prerequisites, so maybe many people don't have a soul, so they don't have a soul. Therefore, Iqbal Lahori approaches this point, but with a very literary and eloquent expression, he says that solitude is not our right to be ready and given to us, but we must find the talent and preparation for it, so if we do not find this preparation, we will perish. And there is no guarantee that we will remain and enjoy the pleasures after death. ... ---------------------------------------- Source: Maulana Jalaluddin School of Rumi Episode 3 Dars 8 Dr. Soroush Abdul Karim Soroush