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In this video we deal with the mathematical determination of the bearing forces of a general force system using the example of an excavator bucket that is swiveled by a hydraulic cylinder. Using the condition of force equilibrium in the x and y directions and the condition of torque equilibrium, we determine the piston force in the single-value pin bearing and the bearing force in the double-value swivel bearing. The procedure is explained in detail and in an easy-to-understand manner in this video. 00:00 General force system vs. central force system 01:41 Single-value bearing: Piston rod bearing 02:35 Two-value bearing: Blade bearing 05:05 Free cut & force decomposition 06:15 Force equilibrium 08:27 Torque equilibrium (moment equilibrium) 09:48 Torque of the y-component of the piston force 11:39 Torque of the x-component of the piston force 12:42 Calculating the piston force 14:59 Calculating the force in the pin bearing 16:55 Displacement of the piston force 19:13 Using different pivot points