Yak-40: History and Features of a Unique Passenger Airliner
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The Yak-40 is a regional airline passenger aircraft developed in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. 55 years ago, the Yak-40, the world's first jet passenger aircraft for regional airlines, made its maiden flight. Let's look back at the history of the creation and use of this advanced machine for its time, which became a symbol of Soviet civil aviation. On October 21, 1966, after two quick runs, an unusual aircraft took off from an airfield in Zhukovsky near Moscow. Small, with a large straight wing and an aft installation with three engines, it was the first prototype of the legendary Yak-40, which in many ways became a pioneer in world aviation. "... The first flight ... lasted 24 minutes. Having lifted the plane off the ground, Arseny Kolosov, who was sitting in the left seat, and Yuri Petrov, who occupied the co-pilot's seat, smoothly raised the machine to an altitude of three hundred meters. Broke through the clouds. They made two circles and landed safely. Their first impressions: the plane is stable, easy to control…” — this is how Pravda special correspondent K. Raspevin described the first flight. Despite the fact that only in the early 1960s did Soviet jet aircraft begin to be developed without regard for military purposes, it was the creation of the Yakovlev Design Bureau that earned a special place in the history of world civil aviation as the world’s first jet passenger aircraft for local airlines. Its use made it possible to replace the outdated piston aircraft Il-12, Li-2 and Il-14 used on domestic Soviet airlines. Interestingly, before developing the Yak-40, the Yakovlev Design Bureau had not been involved in the design of large passenger aircraft. Their specialization was training, military and sports aircraft.
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