※ This video is from <Docuprime - Wonderful Science Miracle in the Desert, Seawater Desalination Plant> broadcast on December 2, 2010. The long-held dream of mankind to turn seawater into drinking water is becoming a reality. It involves removing salt and impurities from seawater, adding minerals, and creating drinkable water. The world's best technology in this field is held by our company! Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction is a leading company in the seawater desalination field, recording a 40% market share by winning large-scale projects in countries such as the United Arab Emirates. Seawater desalination is a technology expected to grow by more than 15% every year and is gaining attention as the blue gold of the 21st century! Let's take a look at seawater desalination technology, called the alchemy of the 21st century!! 1. Turning desert lands into green cities, Dubai and Kuwait Dubai and Kuwait, which used to be small fishing villages in the desert, have overcome the limitations of severe water shortages by building large-scale seawater desalination plants based on their enormous oil capital. As the amount of drinkable fresh water is decreasing, some scholars warn that water shortages will be a great disaster for humanity. In particular, the United Arab Emirates, which is experiencing a shortage of water, is relying on seawater desalination projects to obtain fresh water. Let’s take a look at various aspects of seawater desalination projects in the Middle East through Korean companies that entered the Middle Eastern market in earnest, starting with Saudi Arabia’s seawater desalination project in 1978! 2. Meet the world’s No. 1 seawater desalination technology. Seawater desalination technology is largely divided into three types. Multi-Stage Flash (MSF): Repeats the process of heating seawater to create steam and condensing it. Methods of making water Multi-effect distillation (MED): A method of generating steam by spraying seawater over a tube through which high-temperature steam passes Reverse osmosis (RO): A method of separating water from other substances in pressurized seawater using a semipermeable membrane MSF (Multi-Stage Flash), which has already been verified and commercialized in the market, is a technology that turns seawater into freshwater by the principle of condensation through pressure. It uses the fact that water boils faster when the pressure is high! The MSF type, which creates a vacuum inside the tank and evaporates it, uses the flashing phenomenon to turn seawater into steam and then condenses the steam to produce freshwater. Since it creates evaporation-condensation phenomena in multiple stages, large-scale production is possible, so most desalination plants in the Middle East are being built using the MSF method. In the field of MSF desalination plant technology, Korean companies boast a 40% global market share, making them the undisputed world leader. Fujairah Desalination Plant (Fujairah, UAE) - Freshwater production: 450,000 tons Shuaibah PH3 Desalination Plant (Shuaibah PH.3, Saudi Arabia) - Freshwater production: 1.03 million tons Sohar Desalination Plant (Sohar, Oman) - Freshwater production: 150,000 tons A Korean company that produces drinkable water for 40% of Kuwait's population! Furthermore, what is the competitiveness of a Korean company that has become number one in the world in market share? They have established a desalination R&D center in Dubai, UAE, and are continuously conducting research and development. They are also the first in the world to develop a single module system where a single evaporator, which is the size of a soccer field and weighs 3,500 tons, is completed as a module in a Korean factory and shipped by ship instead of being assembled on-site. They are continuously strengthening their competitiveness by reducing the construction time from the usual two years to more than six months and lowering the error rate. 3. Construction site of a seawater desalination plant using the reverse osmosis method! We visit the construction site of the Shueikh Plant (daily freshwater production capacity 135,000 tons) in Kuwait, which is building a seawater desalination facility using the reverse osmosis method. In the case of the Shueikh project, most companies that received bids gave up bidding due to poor seawater quality along the Gulf Coast, but Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction succeeded in winning the contract by proposing a differentiated pretreatment process to the ordering party to improve seawater quality. Through the Shueikh project, Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction not only gained recognition for its technological prowess once again, but also established its own position in the RO market. Recently, as the preference for the reverse osmosis method has increased, seawater desalination facilities using the reverse osmosis method have become increasingly popular, and small-scale RO plants are attracting attention as promising plants rather than existing large-scale desalination facilities. Let’s take a closer look at the principles of the reverse osmosis method, which is gradually gaining competitiveness. Reverse osmosis is literally using osmosis in reverse. When the same amount of low-concentration solution and high-concentration solution are separated by a semipermeable membrane, a phenomenon occurs in which the high-concentration solution gradually increases over time, and after a certain period of time, equilibrium is reached. This is called osmosis, and the difference in hydraulic head between the high-concentration solution and the low-concentration solution at equilibrium is called osmotic pressure. When pressure is applied to the high-concentration solution at equilibrium, the high-concentration solution passes through the membrane and moves toward the low-concentration solution, but the solute in the solution cannot pass through the membrane. This process of separating the solution (water) and the solute (salt) in salt water using a semipermeable membrane is called reverse osmosis. 4. The power to filter the sea: Membrane The key to reverse osmosis is the semipermeable separation membrane. A membrane is a material that separates substances. Membrane materials and filter materials used in water treatment are fields with high technological barriers to entry, to the point that simply possessing the technology can account for a significant portion of national competitiveness. It is classified into four types according to the size that passes through the filter, and among them, the reverse osmosis membrane is an important membrane that can remove even ions and desalinates seawater. 5. Miracle in the desert. Seawater desalination plant! “If I had used seawater as it was, I would have made food with the water mixed with a lot of salt in it, and my children would have had stomachaches. Now that we use drinking water that has been desalinated at a seawater desalination plant, our children can be healthier and their lives have improved.” ✔ Program name: Documentary Prime - Wonderful Science Miracle in the Desert, Seawater Desalination Plant ✔ Broadcast date: 2010.12.02 #DocumentaryPrime #The_only_company_that_possesses_all_of_the_3_major_seawater_desalination_methods #Seawater_desalination #Desalination_plant #Water_shortage #Multistage_evaporation #MSF #Multi-effect_evaporation #MED #Reverse_osmosis #RO #Desalination