Trogir - 4000 years of cultural history and UNESCO World Heritage
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Due to its particularly favorable location and the exceptionally mild climate, the area around Trogir was already settled in the Stone Age. Archaeological excavations have uncovered finds dating back to 2000 BC. At the end of the 3rd century and the beginning of the 2nd century BC, Greeks from Syracuse founded an important trading post in Trogir called Tragurion and displaced the Illyrians, whose settlement extended into the Bronze and Stone Ages. During Roman rule, Trogir (Tragurium) developed in the shadow of Salona, the Roman provincial capital of Dalmatia. In the 7th century AD, Avar and Slavic tribes destroyed most of the towns in Dalmatia. However, Trogir was one of the few that was spared. After the destruction of Salona (today's Split), the settlement developed into an independent "civitas" (town). In the following centuries, Trogir was under the influence of various rulers and powers, including the Franks, Byzantines, Croats and Hungarians. At the beginning of the 12th century, the Croatian nobility entered into a personal union (Pacta conventa) with the Kingdom of Hungary, and the Hungarian King Koloman (Arpad dynasty) also became King of Croatia. The Trogir bishop Ivan (John of Trogir) played an important role in the peaceful transfer of power. For this reason, he was beatified and is still venerated as the patron saint of the city today. At the beginning of the 13th century, construction began on the Cathedral of St. Lawrence (Lovro). The portal by Master Radovan dates from 1240 and is one of the masterpieces of Romanesque sculpture in Europe. In 1242, during the attack of the Tartars, the Croatian-Hungarian King Bella IV sought refuge in the city. In the 15th and 16th centuries, 13 castles were built on the 16-kilometer-long stretch of coast to defend against the Turks. The interface with the Ottoman Empire ran in the hinterland. In 1420, Trogir came under the rule of Venice and remained under it until the end of the 18th century. Many citizens were dissatisfied with the Venetian administration, resisted, or emigrated to neighboring Croatia. Due to severe destruction caused by the Venetian attack, the city had to be partially rebuilt. After almost four hundred years, the Venetian lion disappeared from the political stage. In 1806, the French took over the city. Trogir fell to Napoleon's Kingdom of Italy. After the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Dalmatia, including Trogir, was assigned to the Austrian Empire. #trogir #dalmatia #croatia #saintIvan #cathedral #unescoworldheritage #culturalhistory
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