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In the discourse of international relations at the turn of the century, there was talk of the end of history, the victory of liberal democracy, the globalization of the economy and the strengthening of transnational actors. There was a significant reduction in the number of armed conflicts between states and the world focused on economic development. But recent years seem to have returned us to the world of the realist school of international relations, where nation-states and great powers fight for power, resources and territory, and international politics is perceived as a zero-sum game. In several parts of the world, superpower conflicts are smoldering or burning, and spending on armaments is growing rapidly. In addition, this competition is influenced by other "big" trends - technological development not only in the military field, revolutions in the interconnectedness of the world and methods of information dissemination, or the emergence of new "places" for competition, such as cyberspace or outer space. The discussion provides an insight into the current situation and trends in the development of the geopolitical situation in the world and, in the context of Europe, deals with the vision and ways of ensuring security and peace. Another of the debates in the Society 4.0 series, organized by Opero together with the Aspen Institute Central Europe and NF Neuron, took place in the Opero business hub on January 15, 2024. ????Thank you to all the panelists for the stimulating discussion and Maria Bastlová for the moderation. Thanks also go to everyone else who took part in the event, as well as to the companies ABRA Software as and T-Mobile CZ for their support.