PHARMACOLOGY CLASS - Review of Central Nervous System Pharmacology Easy Pharmacology
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Stop suffering with Pharmacology!!! Become a R2A! https://farmacologiafacil.com/farmaco... Central nervous system (CNS) pharmacology studies the effects of medications on the brain and spinal cord. There are several important aspects to consider in this area. Some of the most relevant points are summarized below: Neurotransmitters: The CNS is regulated by a wide variety of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, dopamine, norepinephrine, GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid), and glutamate. Medications can act directly on these neurotransmitter systems to modulate their activity. Receptors: Neurotransmitters exert their action through interaction with specific receptors. There are different types of receptors in the CNS, such as serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (D), norepinephrine (α and β), GABA (GABA-A and GABA-B), and glutamate (NMDA and AMPA) receptors. Medications can activate, block, or modulate the activity of these receptors. Classification of Medications: CNS medications can be classified in several ways, including anxiolytics (for anxiety), antidepressants (for depression), antipsychotics (for psychosis), mood stabilizers (for bipolar disorder), stimulants (for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder), analgesics (for pain relief), and hypnotics (for inducing sleep). Mechanisms of Action: CNS medications can act in several ways, including increasing the availability of neurotransmitters, blocking neurotransmitter reuptake, inhibiting enzymes that break down neurotransmitters, modulating receptors, and influencing synaptic transmission. Side Effects: Most CNS medications can cause side effects, such as drowsiness, dizziness, mood swings, weight gain or loss, gastrointestinal disturbances, and others. In addition, some medications may have abuse potential or be addictive. Development of New Drugs: Research in CNS pharmacology continues to advance toward the development of more effective medications with fewer side effects. New therapeutic strategies, such as modulation of specific molecular targets and gene therapy, are being investigated.
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