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Waste treatment consists of a set of physical, chemical or biological operations that alter the characteristics of the waste in order to minimize the risk to health and the environment. In this video, we will discuss the main treatment methods, which are: chemical degradation, neutralization, oxidation, reduction, advanced oxidation processes, biodegradation, precipitation, distillation, ion exchange, adsorption and inactivation methods. In addition, we will present the legal instruction, Law 12305/2010, which guides the national solid waste policy.