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Plotinus' philosophical thought arose in an era marked by the presence of intense religious impulses, often linked to profound philosophical concepts (Christianity, Gnosticism, oracular revelations, etc.) and his reflection is rich in ideas that belong to this constellation and to the influence of oriental concepts. The conference by Franco Ferrari, professor of History of Ancient Philosophy at the University of Pavia, will illustrate how Plotinus, heir of the Platonic-Pythagorean tradition centered around the motif of escape from the world and purification, is responsible for the first theorization of the notion of "ecstasy", destined to have a great influence on Western mysticism.