Cardiovascular Surgery Specialist Dr. Farid GOJAYEV (Aortic Aneurysms and Dissection)
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Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections Aortic aneurysms and aortic dissections are serious health problems related to the aorta. Both can be life-threatening and lead to complications if left untreated. Here is a detailed explanation of both conditions: Aortic Aneurysm Definition: An aortic aneurysm is a widening or bulging of the aortic artery. It occurs when the artery wall becomes weakened or damaged. Types: Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Occurs in the aorta in the chest area. Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm: Occurs in the aorta in the lower abdomen. Symptoms: Aneurysms usually do not cause symptoms, but as they grow larger, you may experience: Chest, back, or stomach pain Shortness of breath Weight loss Pain in the legs Risk Factors: High blood pressure Atherosclerosis (vascular plaque) Smoking Genetic predisposition Marfan syndrome and other connective tissue diseases Severe trauma Age Diagnosis: Diagnosed using methods such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Treatment: Small aneurysms are usually monitored and lifestyle changes (such as controlling blood pressure) are recommended. Large aneurysms may require surgery. Open surgery or endovascular surgery may be performed. Aortic Dissection Definition: An aortic dissection is a tear in the inner wall of the aorta, and blood in the vessel passes through this tear, separating the two layers of the vessel wall. This is an emergency and requires immediate intervention. Symptoms: Severe and sudden chest pain or back pain (usually described as a tear) Shortness of breath Fainting Double vision or signs of stroke (if blood flow to the brain is affected) Rapid heartbeat Diagnosis: Aortic dissection is usually considered an emergency and is diagnosed with CT, MRI, or ultrasound. Treatment: Management in Emergency Settings: First, blood pressure and heart rate must be controlled. This is usually done with medications. Surgical Intervention: Depending on the extent and location of the dissection, the aorta may need to be repaired or replaced with an artificial vessel. General Information Aortic Aneurysm: Usually develops slowly and symptoms appear over time. Treatment can usually be done in a planned manner. Aortic Dissection: Usually a sudden and urgent condition. It requires early diagnosis and intervention. Both conditions are serious health problems and require proper management and treatment. When symptoms are noticed, it is vital to see a health professional quickly.
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