The new issue of "History Lessons with Tamara Eidelman" is dedicated to Mustafa Kemal, the great Ataturk, a reformer, the creator of the Turkish Republic. This is a man who evokes completely opposite assessments - for some he is the greatest politician, the "father of the Turks", the creator of the Turkish nation, for someone - a bloody dictator, for someone - a man who broke centuries-old traditions and disrupted the normal development of the country. What did Mustafa Kemal want? How did he come to power and what did he achieve? BOOKS: * Andrew Mango. Ataturk: ​​The Biography of the Founder of Modern Turkey. * Giles Milton. Paradise lost. Smyrna 1922. The Destruction of Islam's City of Tolerance. * Orhan Pamuk. Plague Nights. Support the channel: * FOR FOREIGN CARDS — Support the release of new history lessons on the Patreon platform — / eidelman * FOR RUSSIAN CARDS — Support the release of new history lessons on the Boosty platform — https://boosty.to/eidelman/ * Support the release of new history lessons by becoming a sponsor on YouTube — / @tamaraeidelmanhistory Using cryptocurrency: * BTC: bc1qepf70kndy4ce6yxg6vxh9j98utx690w529fl9s * ETH: 0×0Ebc2cCcD4Fd705CfFC5F25B271871df71c8332B * USDT: 0×8d0B26D5f58e4a1B2Cc702C431CB7B444F9452F6 (network ERC20) * USDT: TC5eXDPz8TuXPiHLDLbGkmN2rnQkg3Qe5W (TRC20 network) #eidelman #history #ataturk * Follow Tamara Natanovna on Instagram — / tamaraeidelman * Follow our telegram channel — https://t.me/eidelman * Follow our Facebook page — / eidelmantn * Follow Tamara Natanovna’s channel on Yandex Zen — https://zen.yandex.ru/tamaraeidelman 0:00:00 — Introduction. Lecture topic. 0:00:31 — The inconsistency of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. 0:01:53 — Comparison of Ataturk and Peter I. 0:03:56 — When and where was Ataturk born? 0:05:18 — How did different nationalities and religions coexist in the Ottoman Empire? 0:08:58 — Origin of Ataturk's parents. 0:10:02 — The weakening of the Ottoman Empire in the 18th century. 0:12:20 — Attempts to modernize the Ottoman Empire. 0:16:39 — The development of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire. 0:19:03 — Dolmabahce Palace. 0:20:32 — European views of Sultan Abdulaziz. Reasons for his overthrow. 0:22:59 — Formation of the Young Ottomans. Sultan Murad V. 0:25:25 — The reign of Sultan Abdulhamid II. Parliament and Constitution of the Ottoman Empire. 0:28:25 — The development of nationalism within the Ottoman elite. 0:30:22 — Ataturk's childhood and family. 0:35:10 — Ataturk's education. Attitude to religion. 0:39:04 — Ataturk's self-confidence. The beginning of his military career. 0:41:44 — Ziya Gökalp, a man who influenced Ataturk's views. 0:46:07 — The desire to live in a new way. The story of the writer Halide Edib. 0:49:00 — Formation of the Young Turks. The strengthening of Enver Pasha's influence. 0:52:16 — The Young Turk Revolution. Ataturk's departure for France. 0:53:06 — Wars of the Ottoman Empire at the beginning of the 20th century. 0:54:55 — Coup d'état in the Ottoman Empire. The coming to power of the Young Turk triumvirate. 0:56:57 — Ataturk's service in Bulgaria. 0:58:32 — The beginning of World War I. The entry of the Ottoman Empire into the war. 1:01:08 — The unpreparedness of the Ottoman army for war. 1:01:58 — Britain's attempt to remove the Ottoman Empire from the war. The Dardanelles operation. 1:03:56 — The failure of the Ottoman Empire on the Caucasian front. The Armenian Genocide. 1:07:08 — The defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the war. Occupation of Constantinople by the Entente troops. 1:09:06 — What did Ataturk do after the war? Creation of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey. 1:12:46 — Strengthening Ataturk's authority. Shift of power from Constantinople to Anatolia. 1:14:05 — Division of the territories of the Ottoman Empire. 1:16:47 — Ataturk's refusal to recognize the Treaty of Sevres. Confrontation between the Sultan and Ataturk. 1:18:08 — Greece during World War I. Greco-Turkish clashes in Anatolia. 1:19:40 — Second Greco-Turkish War. 1:23:16 — Crowd of soldiers and civilians in Smyrna. Massacre in Smyrna. 1:26:19 — Ataturk's personal life. Meeting his future wife. 1:27:03 — Fire in Smyrna. 1:29:19 — Asa Jennings rescuing civilians. 1:33:15 — Entry of Turkish troops into Constantinople. Flight of Sultan Mehmed VI. 1:35:53 — Ataturk's "Six Arrows". Republican principle. 1:37:06 — Whom did Ataturk get rid of? 1:38:49 — Secularism of the Turkish Republic. Ataturk's reforms. 1:40:32 — State intervention in the life of society. 1:41:18 — Rapprochement between the Turkish Republic and Soviet Russia. Banning the Communist Party in the Turkish Republic. 1:44:04 — Nationalism of the Turkish state. 1:47:17 — The desire of the Kurds to gain autonomy. Kurdish uprisings. 1:49:07 — Nationality and revolutionary nature of the Turkish Republic. 1:49:25 — What did the Turkish Republic become by 1930? 1:50:39 — How to evaluate Ataturk?