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Free EU, by Etienne Parizot / University of Paris / L2 / Year 2021–2022 Summary (session of September 22, 2021): • It's the equinox!!! Explanations… • Kepler's 3rd law: quantitative! • Determination of the parallax of Mars (in opposition) • Deduction of the Earth-Sun distance • Cavendish experiment: measurement of the density of the Earth, therefore of G and the mass of the Earth! • Eclipse of Jupiter's satellites and measurement of the speed of light! (Rømer) • A little more geometry in the solar system: transits of Venus and the Earth-Sun distance…