Asthma, rhino-sinusitis, nasal polyposis: Mepolizumab, a new precision therapy, is available

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Published on Premiered Apr 28, 2023

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PRECISION THERAPY FOR EOSINOPHILIC DISEASES IS DONE IN FOURS WITH MEPOLIZUMAB (ASTHMA, NASAL POLYPOSIS AND TWO RARE DISEASES) There are apparently distant pathologies that have a common basis, namely inflammation caused by an excessive presence of eosinophils, white blood cells involved in the immune response. In this case we are talking about eosinophilic diseases, such as asthma, rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, but also other rare pathologies. Research in recent years has concentrated its efforts on finding new therapies capable of being effective across the board in different pathologies by blocking the inflammatory cascade at the source. A perfect example of this is mepolizumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody resulting from GSK's advanced research that acts specifically on Interleukin-5, a protein produced by cells of the immune system that promotes the development, proliferation and survival of eosinophils. And the news of these days is that mepolizuman after being approved in 2017 for severe asthma has now also been approved for rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis and hypereosinophilic syndrome. A treatment paradigm that therefore changes with a vision no longer aimed at the single disease but at the mechanism that underlies it, acting directly on the molecular and biological causes of pathologies, making the concept of precision medicine increasingly concrete. We talked about it with: Giorgio Walter Canonica, Head of the Personalized Medicine Center: Asthma and Allergology, Humanitas University & Research Hospital Paolo Castelnuovo Full Professor of Otolaryngology – University of Insubria (Varese) – Director of the ENT Department, University Hospital, Circolo Fondazione Macchi Hospital, Varese Francesca R. Torracca President of APACS APS Elisabetta Campagnoli Specialty Medical Head GSK Among the topics: the link between eosinophilic diseases, interleukins and inflammation how mepolizumab works, which is an antagonist of interleukin 5, what has changed in the treatment of severe asthma with mepolizumab and how today it is possible to choose the therapy based on the patient's phenotype, moving from a one-size-fits-all drug to precision medicine. The new indication for mepolizumab is related to rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis, a serious disease with a strong impact on the quality of life, as the availability of mepolizumab could change the therapeutic approach in light of the role of eosinophilic inflammation at the basis of the onset of the disease. In many cases, nasal polyposis is accompanied by asthma, a very challenging combination for patients. The results of clinical studies and real life indicate that mepulizumab is able to improve the general picture and quality of life. The experience of patients with an eosinophilic disease is often difficult, especially due to the diagnostic delay and inadequate treatment.

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