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The nucleus of an atom consists of protons and neutrons. And they consist of quarks. But how do we know this if we have never seen individual quarks? Support the “Space is Simple” project: Boosty: https://boosty.to/cosmosprosto Patreon: / cosmosprosto Telegram channel Space is Simple: https://t.me/cosmosprosto VK Space is Simple: https://vk.com/cosmosprosto For advertising and cooperation inquiries [email protected] 00:00 - Start 02:40 - Integration 03:53 - Prerequisites 10:56 - Theory 17:40 - Experiments 22:54 - Where are the free quarks? Sources: Discovery of protons and neutrons https://byjus.com/chemistry/proton-ne... https://www.frm2.tum.de/en/frm2/the-n... https://chem.libretexts.org/Ancillary...) Diffraction limit https://www.microscopyu.com/technique... Chronology of particle discoveries https://www.southampton.ac.uk/~ab1u06... https://courses.physics.illinois.edu/... Discovery of quarks https://physics.wm.edu/~inovikova/phy... https://web.archive.org/web/200812250... https://www.home.cern/news/news/physi... https://www.uwa.edu.au/study/-/media/... https://web.archive.org/web/201803200... Quarks https://www.space.com/quarks-explained Confinement https://fafnir.phyast.pitt.edu/partic... https://www.tutorchase.com/answers/ib... Pentaquark https://daily.jstor.org/brief-history... Quark-Gluon Plasma https://home.cern/science/physics/hea... https://home.cern/news/series/feature... Image of Hydrogen Atom https://physicsworld.com/a/quantum-mi... Scanning Tunneling Microscope https://www.nanoscience.com/technique... https://blogs.und.edu/und-today/2019/... Images of Atoms https://www.scientificamerican.com/ar... https://arstechnica.com/science/2023/... Fractional Charge https://van.physics.illinois.edu/ask/... SLAC https://www.slac.stanford.edu/pubs/sl... Size https://www.theguardian.com/science/l... https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/... https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article... Preons https://home.cern/science/physics/com... https://www.scirp.org/journal/paperin...