Explore your family history with MyHeritage by taking advantage of a 14-day free trial: https://bit.ly/Episodedhistoire4 November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II calls for the union of the Christian world to free the East from the Seljuk Turks who persecute the faithful and complicate the pilgrimage to Jerusalem. This first crusade leads to the birth of Frankish states in the midst of Muslim powers: Edessa, Antioch, Tripoli and Jerusalem. Alone, shaken by the clashes between leaders, rivals of Byzantium and poorly supported by new useless crusades, they gradually crumble over time, until they disappear from the map almost three centuries later. Become a member of the channel to support me: / @episodesdhistoire Join the channel discord: / discord ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Thanks to Thomas for his research, you can see his series on Bohemond of Taranto here: / laplumeetlep%c3%a9e Sources: General works • Runciman, S. History of the Crusades. Tallandier, 2006. • Maalouf, A. The Crusades as Seen by the Arabs. J'ai lu, 1983. • Dédéyan, G., and Rizk, K. The County of Tripoli - Multicultural and Multiconfessional State (1102 - 1289). Geuthner, 2010. Asbridge, T. The Creation of the Principality of Antioch 1098 - 1130. The Boydell Press, 2000. Besson, F., Breton, J. The Lords of the Holy Land - Practices of Power in the Latin East (1097 - 1230). Garnier Classics, 2023. Primary source Régnier-Bohler, D. Crusades and Pilgrimages, Stories, Chronicles and Travels in the Holy Land - 12th - 16th Century. Robert Laffont, 1997. Biographies Aubé, P. Baldwin IV of Jerusalem, the Leper King. Paperback, 1981. Eddé, AM. Saladin. Flammarion, 2008. Aubé, P. A Crusader against Saladin: Renaud de Châtillon. Fayard, 2007. Flori, J. Richard the Lionheart - the Knight King. Payot, 1999. Full bibliography: https://pastebin.com/Y8YP5z09 ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Music: Some of the music in the video was composed by @AdrianvonZiegler: • Children of Darkness • Dark Fantasy Music - Children of Dark... Others are more classical: • Tchaikovsky - Marche Slave, Op. 31 • Tchaikovsky - Marche Slave, Op. 31 • Tchaikovsky - Pas de deux • Tchaikovsky - pas de deux • Duo for Violin & Cello in B-Flat Major, BI. 244: II. Andantino • Duo for Violin & Cello in B-Flat Majo... • Evelyn Stein - Quiet Resource • Quiet Resource • Alexander Nevsky, Op. 78: V. The Battle on the Ice • Alexander Nevsky, Op. 78: V. The Batt... • Vivaldi - Sol da te mio, dolce amore • Vivaldi - Sol da te mio, dolce amore ... • Rachmaninoff - The Isle of the Dead, Op.29 • off - The Isle of the Dead, ... Finally others come from playlist: • • POV: You're Playing Chess With Death ... ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ Illustrations The illustrations come from the collections of these museums: • Château de Versailles (online: https://collections.chateauversailles.fr) • British Museum (online: https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection) • Chester-Beatty (online: https://viewer.cbl.ie/viewer/index/) • Rijksmuseum (online: https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksst...) • Art Institute of Chicago (online: https://www.artic.edu/collection) Other images are from these sources: • Wikimedia Commons (online: https://commons.wikimedia.org/) • MidJourney (online: https://www.midjourney.com/) ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬ 00:00 - Introduction 02:25 - The First Crusade 06:41 - The County of Edessa 10:39 - The Principality of Antioch 16:02 - The County of Tripoli 18:31 - The Kingdom of Jerusalem 26:56 - The end of the Latin States of the East?