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In 1803, Dalton announced the hypothesis that all matter is composed of atoms, tiny particles that cannot be divided any further. Since the beginning of civilization, it seemed that the question that mankind most wanted to know about what the world is made of had been solved, but this was only the beginning. Nobel Prize winners Röntgen and Madame Curie conducted experiments with X-rays, radium, and cathode rays to investigate the inside of atoms, and discovered that cathode rays have mass and bend in a certain direction when a magnetic field is applied. Through this experiment, Thomson discovered the existence of electrons in atoms. Later, Ernest Rutherford and his students discovered alpha particles through an experiment in which alpha particles pass through thin gold foil. #atoms #electrons #physics