What did the farmers live on? The Middle Ages Experiment Planet School
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In the Middle Ages, farmers supplied their sovereigns with food and were protected by them in return. What they grew and cooked is researched by archaeobotanists and brought to the table by cooks. --------------- 00:00 Farmers in the Middle Ages 01:25 Investigation of sludge deposits 02:23 Medieval food 05:00 Cooking in the Middle Ages 11:00 Farmers' taxes -------------- 1) Farmers in the Middle Ages In the Middle Ages, 90 percent of the population were unfree farmers. The farmers cultivate fields that they receive from their sovereigns, with little technology and many hard-working hands. In return, the farmers have to pay taxes in the form of food and labor. The farmers live according to the strict rhythm of the seasons. 2) Investigation of sludge deposits What they grew can now be found on the bottom of Lake Constance. Pollen has been deposited there and can be analyzed. The sediment samples also prove that yields were low in the Middle Ages. The reason: crop failures, animal epidemics and little fertilizer. 3) Medieval food The experiment "Cooking like in the Middle Ages" also requires old types of vegetables and grains that are no longer staple foods and are only grown in a few farm gardens. On the menu: chard and quark Maultaschen, pies, plum cake and a leg of mutton for the festive day. 4) Cooking in the Middle Ages The farmers rarely ate meat. The farmers mainly kept pigs, which fed on acorns in the forests in the autumn. The medieval domestic animals - pigs, cattle, sheep and goats - were much smaller than today. Meat and sausages were preserved in the smoke of an open wood fire. Beavers, sparrows and swallows were also eaten. Game was reserved for the nobility and poaching was severely punished. 5) The farmers' dues The farmers had to give up to 30 percent of their income to their landlords in the form of goods or money. In return, the farmers could flee to the castle with their cattle in the event of an attack. The knights also ensured legal security and settled disputes among the farmers. With their hard work, the farmers generated the knights' wealth and ensured that cathedrals, cities and palaces could be built elsewhere. #SWR #PlanetSchule --------------- ► All episodes of the series: https://www.planet-schule.de/wissensp... ► WEB: https://planet-schule.de ► NEWSLETTER: https://www.planet-schule.de/sf/servi... ► FACEBOOK: / planetschule ► TWITTER: / swrbildung
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