In this video you will find out everything about neutrinos! What they are, how they were discovered, whether or not they have mass, what is the Solar Neutrino Problem, Beta Decay, Neutrino Oscillation and much more Daniel Petri's Channel: / danielpetri Sources: Antimatter: ✔ http://hyperphysics.phyastr.gsu.edu/h... ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antipar... Beta Decay: ✔ http://www2.lbl.gov/abc/wallchart/cha... ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_decay https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolfgan... Neutrinos: ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrino ✔ http://www.ps.uci.edu/~superk/neutrin... ✔ http://www.astro.wisc.edu/~larson/Web... ✔ http://www.itsokaytobesmart.com/post/... each-second-65-billion ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrin... ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrin... ✔ http://ctp.berkeley.edu/neutrino/neut... ✔ http://io9.gizmodo.com/what-are-neutr... beyond-ou-513336033 ✔ http://ctp.berkeley.edu/neutrino/neut... Importance of Neutrinos: http://phys.org/news/2014-04-importan... http://theta13.lbl.gov/diablo_canyon/... Detection of Neutrinos: ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chlor... ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fotomul... Neutrino Oscillation: ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrin... ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutrin... ✔ https://physics.aps.org/story/v2/st10 ✔ http://t2k-experiment.org/neutrinos/o... ✔https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observa... ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bruno_P... ✔ http://profmattstrassler.com/articles... basics/neutrinos/neutrino-types-and-neutrino-oscillations/ Solar Neutrino Problem: ✔ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solar_n... ✔ http://astro.if.ufrgs.br/estrelas/nod... ✔ http://invariancia.blogspot.com/2008/... ✔ https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ficheir... Complementary Texts (My own): ✘ The antiparticle of the neutrino: Neutrinos have a neutral charge. Since an antiparticle is basically a particle with the same mass but opposite charge, scientists think that the antiparticle of the neutrino could be the neutrino itself. This means that two neutrinos of the same type are capable of annihilating each other. ✘ Neutrinos in Supernovae: When a star explodes in a supernova, it releases an incredible 10^58 neutrinos. That's a one followed by 58 zeros. It's something almost unthinkable. ✘ The discovery of neutrinos: Since neutrinos can be produced in Beta decay, which is a manifestation of radiation, the two scientists used a nuclear reactor to produce them. Near the reactor, there were two 200-liter water tanks. In the tanks, there were photomultipliers, devices that allow us to measure how much light reaches the device. In addition, there were forty kilos of cadmium chloride dissolved in the water. If an antineutrino interacts with a proton, a positron and a neutron would be produced. Cadmium is an element that, when absorbing a neutron, releases a gamma ray, which can be detected by photomultipliers. Furthermore, if a positron encounters an electron, they will annihilate each other, also releasing gamma rays that can be detected. It is worth noting that gamma rays are waves in the electromagnetic spectrum, just like visible light. The only difference is that their wavelength is too short to be observed with the naked eye. Therefore, if neutrinos exist, more gamma rays would be detected than expected. After months of collecting data, this did indeed happen. As confirmation of the existence of neutrinos, they turned off the nuclear reactor and the number of gamma rays detected dropped. For confirming the existence of neutrinos, Frederick Reines won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1995. Video thumbnail made by Leonardo Pancheniak. Special thanks to Lucas Chaves. Thank you very much for watching and see you in the next video! This channel holds the SVBR seal, Science Vlogs Brasil, which attests to the quality of scientific dissemination on YouTube. Other channels with the seal can be found at / @sciencevlogsbrasil