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Concepts on soil classification (sand, silt and clay) and their influence on engineering works are presented. Empirical methods of soil classification are shown through visual tactile analysis aiming at estimating granulometry, cohesion, plasticity, friability, consistency and hardness). These results serve only as a preliminary estimate of soil behavior. However, they are of great value due to their rapid execution and inferred properties to aid in the technical decision-making process.