Did you know that humidity above 85% in a barn dramatically increases the incidence of almost all diseases in livestock? How to avoid this? A comfortable temperature for a person can cause discomfort in ungulates. For comparison: under the influence of elevated ambient temperatures, a person takes an average of 17 breaths per minute, and a cow experiencing stress takes up to 80 breaths. There are many sweat glands on the skin of these animals and water evaporates - this allows them to slightly lower their body temperature. If there is enough water, the cow drinks more to compensate for the loss of fluid with sweat and during breathing. In addition, cows can lower their body temperature through their horns, since they have blood circulation inside them: hot blood cools a little inside them and then returns to the body. However, the natural thermoregulation of animals may not be enough in the hot season. As a result of elevated temperatures and thirst, cows lose appetite, which leads to a decrease in milk production. This directly affects the economic performance of livestock farming. In winter, the ventilation system does not work as intensively, but it removes toxic gases that, when accumulated, can irritate the upper respiratory tract. Natural or natural type of ventilation uses passive mechanisms of air exchange between the internal and external environments, such as wind force or pressure difference. Everyone knows the simplest and cheapest method of natural ventilation - opening the doors and passing fresh air through the barn. For better control over the environment, you can also additionally install temperature, relative humidity and CO2 content sensors. Of course, natural ventilation is cheaper to operate, but it also has its drawbacks, for example, it cannot fully control the air quality and body temperature of animals in difficult climatic conditions. Also, in winter, up to 20% of the convection heat of animals can be lost through the ventilation system. The lost heat must be additionally compensated for with the help of a heating system, and the temperature inside the premises must be maintained in the future using air curtains with controllers at the entrances. Excess pressure systems carry out ventilation by pumping air into the premises. As a rule, filters are additionally installed for this purpose, which remove harmful microorganisms, dust and other dispersed particles from the air. Some of the heat from the fan motors also gets inside the building, which is an advantage in winter, but a disadvantage in summer. With increased air humidity, unwanted condensation can form on the walls and equipment. The condensation process occurs when warm, moist air comes into contact with a cold surface. When this cold surface has a temperature below the dew point, steam condenses from the air. If this situation continues for a long time, there is a real risk of mold formation with negative consequences for the air quality in the room. Negative pressure systems work by displacing air to the outside, so the pressure in the room decreases, a negative pressure zone is formed, and air from outside enters the room due to the pressure difference. Over time, the efficiency of the fan decreases because dust gradually accumulates on the blades. With a low pressure difference, such a system will not be able to provide an even distribution of fresh air inside the barn. There are ventilation systems that combine supply and exhaust methods in their work, which provides better control over air exchange inside utility rooms. Such systems provide the supply of fresh air and the removal of old air at the same time. Sometimes these systems use special equipment - recuperators, in which heat exchange occurs and the air flow displaced from the room gives its heat to the air coming inside.