You can check your heart health and book a free online consultation through Dr. Sameh Allam's website from this link: https://bit.ly/قسور_الحرفيان_التاج The function of the heart is to transport oxygenated blood (containing oxygen) to all organs of the body. The heart includes coronary arteries whose function is to nourish the heart muscle by providing blood, oxygen and energy to the heart muscle through the three main coronary arteries, which branch into a large number of blood vessels that ensure that pure oxygenated blood reaches every cell of the heart. Angina pectoris is a severe narrowing of the coronary artery, which is one of the symptoms of coronary artery disease, while a heart attack (heart attack) is a complete blockage of a coronary artery due to the formation of a clot in the coronary artery (one of the symptoms of coronary artery disease), which leads to an infarction or the formation of a clot or weakness in the muscular part of the heart that was fed by the blocked coronary artery with blood, all of which are symptoms of coronary artery disease. The question is, can coronary artery insufficiency be treated without surgery? In the early hours of developing symptoms of coronary artery disease such as a heart attack or coronary artery thrombosis, the clot can be removed by cardiac catheterization and a stent can be placed in the affected coronary artery to avoid coronary artery insufficiency (coronary artery insufficiency can be treated without surgery using medications and cardiac catheterization). A coronary artery thrombosis leads to coronary artery insufficiency or coronary circulation insufficiency. Symptoms of coronary artery disease and coronary artery insufficiency include the following: 1- Feeling pain and tightness in the middle of the chest, with the possibility of the pain reaching the neck, stomach, shoulders and arms. 2- Feeling numbness and pain in the arms. 3- Feeling chest pain in the back as well. 4- Feeling severe pain in the heart muscle, which many sufferers liken to a heart attack. There are many methods for treating heart attacks and coronary artery thrombosis, including surgical treatment, drug treatment, clot dissolution, balloon implantation using cardiac catheterization, and cardiac stent placement via cardiac catheterization. These are all methods for treating coronary artery insufficiency without surgery. The choice of treatment method depends on the cardiologist's decision depending on the case. Some people are more susceptible to coronary artery insufficiency than others, namely: 1- Diabetics who neglect diabetes treatment. 2- Smokers. 3- People with high cholesterol. 4- People with high blood pressure who neglect blood pressure treatment. The more of the above conditions are combined in the same person, the higher the risk of coronary artery insufficiency, heart attacks, heart attacks, and strokes. Cardiac catheterization is one of the methods for treating coronary artery insufficiency without surgery. It is a routine and safe procedure for diagnosing and treating some cardiovascular diseases, including coronary artery insufficiency. Cardiac catheterization is divided into two types: therapeutic cardiac catheterization and diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Diagnostic catheterization is used to examine the heart chambers and coronary arteries and diagnose diseases that led to the symptoms of coronary artery disease, such as: coronary artery insufficiency and coronary artery thrombosis, as these chambers supply blood to the heart muscle, arteries and large veins. Diagnostic catheterization in the heart reveals some health problems, the most important of which are: 1- Diagnosing heart valve problems. 2- Diagnosing coronary artery insufficiency. 3- Diagnosing congenital heart defects present since birth or holes in the heart. 4- The location of a clot in the coronary artery. 5- There is a problem in measuring the amount of oxygen reaching the heart. 6- Imaging the renal arteries and peripheral arteries. 7- Taking a sample or biopsy of heart tissue, using a catheter whose tip is connected to a small jaw-like tip. 8- Coronary angiography; to check for heart diseases that led to the symptoms of coronary artery disease and blockage of the arteries leading to the heart. Therapeutic cardiac catheterization is used to widen narrowed heart valves, treat coronary artery thrombosis, and treat coronary artery insufficiency without surgery, by implanting a balloon or heart stents. Cardiac catheterization is one of the therapeutic procedures used to treat various heart diseases, which includes: 1- Widening narrowed arteries (angioplasty) with the placement of a heart stent if necessary, depending on the case. 2- Treating a clot in the coronary artery. 3- Closing part of the heart to prevent blood clots. 4- Treating coronary artery insufficiency without surgery. 5- Closing holes in the heart and repairing other congenital defects. 6- Opening narrowed heart valves (ballo