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Therapeutic phlebotomy is a procedure in which a specific amount of blood is removed for therapeutic purposes, and is widely indicated for conditions associated with iron accumulation or increased red blood cell count. The main indications include hemochromatosis, where there is excess iron in the body and phlebotomy reduces hepatic deposits and cardiovascular risks, and polycythemia vera, a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by high hematocrit, which requires reduction to prevent thrombotic events. ???? Studies indicate that phlebotomy is the standard approach in these cases, providing symptom relief and improved prognosis (Cook LS, 2010). Other indications include porphyria cutanea tarda, where reduced hepatic iron controls porphyrin production, and secondary iron overload in patients with frequent transfusions, such as in thalassemia. In these cases, controlled blood removal is essential to minimize liver and endocrine damage. Phlebotomy is also used in secondary polycythemia, in conditions such as chronic lung disease, to reduce blood viscosity and pulmonary hypertension, promoting greater clinical safety (Cook LS, 2010). The implementation of specific protocols for each condition is essential, considering the amount of blood drawn and the frequency of sessions to avoid complications such as anemia or dehydration. Continuous monitoring of hematological and biochemical parameters ensures the effectiveness of the treatment and the reduction of associated risks (Cook LS, 2010). ????This is a merely guiding post. All diagnosis and use of any medication must always be subject to medical approval (Dr Jorge Yamamoto - CRMMG 77128)