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Every criminal process has three stages: 1) a preliminary criminal investigation (IPP) or instruction 2) The oral and public debate or trial itself and 3) The execution of the sentence It is important to note that, in the case of jury trials, the preliminary hearing, provided for in article 338 of the CPPBA, is mandatory. In it, the theories of the case of the prosecution, the particular injured party if there is one and the defense are presented, and then, based on said theories of the case, the evidence that will be used in the trial itself is litigated. The legality, pertinence and relevance of the evidence are discussed in this hearing.