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The microbiota, a colony of bacteria covering the approximately 400m² of our intestinal surface, allows us to assimilate certain foods that only bacteria can break down. But recent discoveries show that it may also be capable of regulating the expression of some of our genes and could even be the cause of many diseases. Philippe Cinquin, Medical Engineering and Complexity Techniques – Computer Science, Mathematics and Applications Amandine Gautier-Stein, Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetes Julien Royet, Institute of Developmental Biology of Marseille Mathias Chamaillard, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille #CNRS