???? Subscribe and visit the Channel to never miss a video: / @clubmetafisico NOTICE: If the video is not to the liking of the respective authors, via a comment or the email you find in the channel info you can send us a request and we will proceed to remove it. Consult the Intesa San Paolo website: https://www.intesasanpaolo.com/ 00:00 1848 The Savoys against the Austrians In 1848 it seemed that Europe, emerging from the Restoration, was sinking into revolution. Throughout Italy the sovereigns granted the constitution, and the capitals of Austrian Lombardy-Veneto, Milan and Venice, rose up against foreign domination. The war that followed was initially supposed to involve all of Italy but, in fact, Carlo Alberto's Piedmont was left almost alone to fight it. His army was weaker than the Austrian one and lacked great generals while on the other side there was one: Radetzky. Yet the result was not a foregone conclusion. 1:04:34 1859 Cavour and Victor Emmanuel II unify Italy The Second War of Independence was a repeat of the first with all the factors changed. Thanks to Cavour, the Piedmontese had the French army at their side, considered the best in the world. Victor Emmanuel II was not a more skilled general than his father Charles Albert, even if he believed he was. But Napoleon III presented himself as the heir of his great namesake, and the world believed it. On the other side. On the other side there was no longer the old Radetzky, but a young emperor Franz Joseph, who had no intention of easily giving up the Italian possessions inherited from his ancestors. 2:06:22 1866 The Quadrilateral and the Third War of Independence In 1866, Italy, united for five years, attacked its age-old enemy, Austria, for the third time, to complete the leap toward the east that had been interrupted seven years before the armistice of Villafranca. This time, Lombardy was the starting point for the invasion and the enemy was forced into the fortresses of the Quadrilateral from the beginning. The Italians had numerical superiority as well as generals sure of victory. But in war there are many factors that can change even an apparently already written outcome. ???? Books Carlo Sini: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/carlo... ???? Books Emanuele Severino: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/emanu... ???? Books Carlo Rovelli: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/carlo... ???? Books Telmo Pievani: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/telmo... ???? Books Luciano Canfora: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/lucia... ???? Books Franco Cardini: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/franc... ???? Books Guido Barbujani: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/guido... ???? Books Matteo Saudino: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/matte... ???? Books Luca Mercalli: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/luca-... ???? Books Alberto Angela: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/alber... ???? Books Gabriele Ghisellini: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/gabri... ???? Books Margherita Hack: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/margh... ???? Books Remo Bodei: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/remo-... ???? Books Giorgio Agamben: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/giorg... ???? Books Vito Mancuso: https://www.ibs.it/libri/autori/vito-... ???? Listen to the Podcast on Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/2QGfplM... Check out the Playlist with all the videos: ????️ History Lessons: Barbero and Saudino: • History Lessons: Barbero and Saudino For copyright issues: ➡️ Email in Info ___________ The channel is NOT monetized, no profits are made in any way from what is published.