*** Advertisement: Sign up for Netology's free intensive course "Tester: Start a Career in IT" — https://netolo.gy/iKI. Use the promo code EYDELMAN to get a 45% discount on Netology's paid courses. The new episode of "History Lessons with Tamara Eidelman" is dedicated to the period of Ottoman history called the "women's sultanate." This is the time from the rise of the famous Roxolana in the mid-16th century to the murder of Kosem Sultan in the mid-17th century, when the role of women in governing the Ottoman Empire was enormous. They were the concubines and wives of the sultans, who acquired a special significance when it was no longer the husband but the son who was on the throne. "Valide" — that's what the sultan's mother was called — wielded enormous power. At first, such women sought to enthrone their son, then they ruled the sultan's harem, and sometimes the entire state. And all this — amid endless, confusing and cruel intrigues. BOOKS * Leslie Peirce. The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire. * Kaziyev Sh.M. Everyday Life of the Eastern Harem. * Gerard de Nerval. Journey to the East. Support the channel: * FOR FOREIGN CARDS — Support the release of new history lessons on the Patreon platform — / eidelman * FOR RUSSIAN CARDS — Support the release of new history lessons on the Boosty platform — https://boosty.to/eidelman/ * Support the release of new history lessons by becoming a sponsor on YouTube — / @tamaraeidelmanhistory Using cryptocurrency: * BTC: bc1qepf70kndy4ce6yxg6vxh9j98utx690w529fl9s * ETH: 0×0Ebc2cCcD4Fd705CfFC5F25B271871df71c8332B * USDT: 0×8d0B26D5f58e4a1B2Cc702C431CB7B444F9452F6 (network ERC20) Follow us on social media, where we regularly publish additional stories: * Follow Tamara Natanovna on Instagram — / tamaraeidelman * Follow our Telegram channel — https://t.me/eidelman * Follow our Facebook page — / eidelmantn * Follow our VKontakte page — https://vk.com/eidelmantn * Follow Tamara Natanovna’s channel on Yandex Zen — https://zen.yandex.ru/tamaraeidelman 00:00 – Introduction. Lecture topic. 00:42 – Advertisement. 02:50 – European stereotypes about the harems of the Ottoman sultans. 06:11 – How were harems arranged in the Ottoman Empire? 10:08 – What were the sultan’s harems like in different eras? 12:13 – Men in the Sultan’s Servitude. 15:57 – Women’s Property Rights in the Ottoman Empire. 16:50 – How the Harem’s Inhabitants Could Contact the Outside World. 20:49 – The History of Family Relations of the Sultans in the Ottoman Empire. 23:16 – How Was the Sultan’s Power Organized? 25:20 – Why Didn’t the Sultans Have Wives from the Late 15th Century? 27:49 – The Life of Women in the Harem. 30:29 – Political Tasks That Women in the Harem Could Solve. 33:11 – The Power of Princes in the Ottoman Empire. 35:38 – Relationships Between the Sultan’s Sons. 40:48 – Women in the Harem of Suleiman the Magnificent. 41:43 – Slaves at the Sultan’s Court in the Early 16th Century. 44:13 – Roksolana at the court of Suleiman. 47:49 – What rules did Roksolana break? 48:58 – Roksolana’s intrigues. 52:38 – What rules at court did Roksolana change? 56:54 – Reign of Selim II. 57:48 – Nurbanu Sultan at the court of Selim II. 1:00:51 – Reign of Murad III. Nurbanu Sultan at the court of Murad III. 1:05:23 – Nurbanu Sultan and Mehmed III. 1:06:45 – Nurbanu-Sultan connections. 1:09:32 – Safiye Sultan after the death of Murad III. 1:12:40 – Reign of Mehmed III. 1:13:27 – Safiye at the court of Mehmed III. 1:17:45 – Ahmed I after the death of Mehmed III. 1:21:51 – Kösem Sultan at the court of Ahmed I. 1:26:29 – Mustafa I after the death of Ahmed I. 1:27:22 – Reign of Osman II. 1:29:40 – Mustafa I returns to the throne. 1:31:37 – Kösem Sultan and Murad IV. 1:35:49 - The reign of Ibrahim I. 1:37:47 - Ibrahim I and Kösem Sultan. 1:40:56 – Reign of Mehmed IV. 1:42:25 – Intrigues at the court of Mehmed IV. 1:44:41 – Execution of Kösem Sultan. 1:48:23 – Mourning after the death of Kösem Sultan. 1:50:16 – 1656. Turhan Sultan hands over power to the vizier. 1:51:54 – The end of the female sultan