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We would like to thank Prof. Andreas Müller of the University of Kiel for his helpful comments. Christianity is now the largest religion in the world in terms of membership. It shapes the culture and values of hundreds of millions of people. Even among those for whom actual faith plays no major role - such as at Easter or Christmas. Christianity began on a very small scale: with the Jewish itinerant preacher Jesus of Nazareth, who appeared in Judea around 28-30 AD - a region around Jerusalem in the east of the Roman Empire at the time of Emperor Augustus. The Romans crucified Jesus, but his ideas lived on. Little by little, his followers, including the apostles Peter and Paul, carried the new faith across Judea and Galilee into the Roman Empire. Over time, the Jewish splinter group became an independent religion - and in the 4th century, alongside Judaism, it was the only permitted faith in the empire. What distinguished Jesus from the other preachers who lived in the east of the Roman Empire at this time? How do Christians manage to go from being a small Jewish sect to becoming the de facto state religion of the very power that had their Messiah Jesus executed as a rebel? And what is the persecution of Christians all about? Mirko explains all of this in this video. Chapter: 00:00 What is it about? 00:37 1. The historical Jesus 02:20 2. The Jesus movement 03:55 3. The church in Jerusalem 04:52 4. Paul and the opening of the Jesus movement 07:10 5. The term "Christians" 08:02 6. The apostles 08:45 7. The spread of Christianity 09:52 8. Resistance to the movement 11:44 9. Persecution of Christians and rise Literature: Joachim Gnilka, The early Christians, 1999 Klaus Wengst, How Christianity arose, 2021 Friedhelm Winkelmann, History of early Christianity, 1996 Udo Schnelle, The first 100 years of Christianity, 2015 The history of Christianity, The time of the beginning, 2003 Be sure to check it out: Terra X History on Instagram: / terraxhistory Terra X in the media library: https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/terr... Terra X History on YouTube: / @terraxhistory A production of objektiv media GmbH for #TerraX and #ZDF: Moderation: Mirko Drotschmann Author: Matthias Schöberl Producer: Andreas Sommer, Daniela Ssymank Editor (OM): Verena Glanos Motion Design: Christian Wischnewski Editing: Christian Wischnewski Thumbnail: Jan Schattka ZDF: Kai Jostmeier, Kim Krämer