The castle of Lavaux Sainte Anne

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Marc Boon

Published on Dec 21, 2024
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The castle of Lavaux-Sainte-Anne is located in Wallonia in Lavaux-Sainte-Anne in Belgium near Rochefort, in the province of Namur. In 1450, Jean II de Berlo ordered the construction of this castle. From century to century, the building was reinforced and renovated. Lavaux-Sainte-Anne did not occupy a very strategic position for long. In Roman times, the Famenne was crossed by several secondary roads. One of them, coming from Givet and continuing towards Ave-et-Auffe passed through Lavaux about a hundred meters north of the castle. It was bordered by villas like those discovered in Genimont or by fortresses like that of Eprave. The creation of the principality of Liège will make the region of Lavaux a border zone with the neighboring duchy of Luxembourg. This border is protected by fortresses like Agimont, Revogne, Lavaux and Rochefort. The lords of this period came from the "de Wellin" family. The first known mention of Lavaux dates from 1244; Jacques de Wellin called himself Lavaux during his lifetime. In 1456, Louis de Bourbon, nephew of Duke Philippe of Burgundy, became Prince-Bishop of Liège. The animosity and distrust of the Liège cities against the Duke of Burgundy grew and armed bands roamed the country, which was no longer safe. Jean II de Berlo, who was Lord of Lavaux at this time and whose devotion to the prince was known, became suspect in the eyes of the Dinant people who wanted to get their hands on the castle of Revogne. This was in fact militarily dependent on the castellany of Dinant and represented an important advance for the Meuse city in this border region. Clashes soon broke out. The Lord of Lavaux, who had initially accepted a treaty of neutrality with the Dinantais (1462), clearly took the prince's side against the rebellious Liège towns and Duke Philippe sent him men-at-arms to defend Lavaux. At the beginning of 1463, the rupture was complete between Jean de Berlo and the town of Dinant. The Lord of Lavaux had all the food and munitions transported from the Château de Revogne to his Château de Lavaux, which was equipped with the latest military improvements and was better able to withstand any attack. During the summer of 1463, the Château de Lavaux had to withstand an assault by the Dinantais, the result of which is unknown. The magistrates of Dinant imposed fines and banishment on those who had helped defend Lavaux. At the beginning of August 1464, there was a new Dinant expedition, apparently more decisive, against Lavaux. Although the keep resisted, the rest was largely destroyed. This was the end of the resistance in Lavaux. Jean de Berlo left Lavaux to join the court of Louis de Bourbon. In Famenne, disorder and insecurity were increasing: Érard de La Marck, an enemy of the House of Burgundy, ravaged Jean de Berlo's lands with the men-at-arms of Liège. In August 1468, the Duke of Burgundy took control of Revogne and Dinant. The peace imposed by his son, Charles the Bold, stipulated that none of the castles destroyed during the war on the territory of the principality could be rebuilt except those of the bishop's loyal supporters, including those of Jean de Berlo. Barely recovered from the terrible struggles with the House of Burgundy, the country of Liège was to experience civil war. Guillaume de la Marck, supported by the King of France, began a war in 1482 in which Jean de Berlo was to die with his prince near the fountain of Basse-Wez. (Liège) At the end of the 15th century, the castle was no longer inhabited by its owners; only the old dowager of Berlo, widowed since 1482, ended her days in the dilapidated fortress. Having taken refuge in his castle, Everard de Merode, Lord of Lavaux-Sainte-Anne, was besieged there in 1567 by the Duke of Alba. On April 3, 1630, the castle was sold to the knight Jacques Renard de Rouveroit, originally from Herstal, infantry colonel of the Emperor. This young lord had studied the art of war in the Rhineland at the military school for young nobles of the Counts of Nassau. In Prague, on June 16, 1637, Emperor Ferdinand III granted him the title of Baron of the Holy Empire. He married on an unknown date his cousin, Marie Valérie de Locquenghien, heiress of the lordship of Pamele in Audenaerde. Through this marriage, the Rouveroits became lord of Pamele and beer of Flanders (the four lords who escorted the Count of Flanders).

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