***ADVERTISEMENT: Network of evidence-based medicine clinics DocMed https://docmed.ru and DocDeti https://docdeti.ru Many centuries ago, in the city of Myra in Lycia, which was part of the Roman Empire, there lived a bishop named Nicholas. And then this very real historical figure first became Saint Nicholas, one of the most revered saints in both the Western and Eastern churches, and a hero of the folklore of many peoples, and a protector of those traveling and persecuted, and entering into marriage. And Santa Claus, bringing gifts and joyfully shouting "Ho-ho-ho!", and Grandfather Frost. The amazing transformations of Saint Nicholas will be discussed in the new issue of "History Lessons with Tamara Eidelman" BOOKS 1. E.V. Dushechkina. Russian Christmas Tree. History, Mythology, Literature. 2. William J. Bennet. The True Saint Nicholas: Why He Matters to Christmas. Support the release of new history lessons on the Patreon platform - / eidelman Support the release of new history lessons by becoming a sponsor on YouTube - / @tamaraeidelmanhistory Follow us on social networks, where we regularly publish additional stories: Subscribe to Tamara Natanovna on Instagram - / tamaraeidelman Subscribe to our Telegram channel - https://t.me/eidelman Subscribe to our Facebook page - / eidelmantn Subscribe to our VKontakte page - https://vk.com/eidelmantn Subscribe to Tamara Natanovna's channel on Yandex Zen - https://zen.yandex.ru/tamaraeidelman - 00:00 -Introduction. Topic of the video 3:41 -Saint Nicholas, his popularity and New Year's heroes. 6:21 -Birth and difficult times. 07:41 -Real existence and biography. 09:47 - Distribution of wealth and myths. 10:24 - Help for three maidens. 14:02 - The story of a pilgrimage. 15:18 - Becoming a bishop. Patron saint of children. 18:19 - Persecution of Christians. Patron saint of prisoners. Study of relics. 21:25 - Release from prison. Council of Nicaea. Versions and lists. 24:59 - The story of famine and bread. 26:22 - The story of the uprising. 29:00 - Questions about death and burial. 30:29 - Growing popularity and stories of a miracle. 32:40 - The Battle of Mantzikret. Transfer of the relics to Bari. 35:56 - The church on Lido Island 37:39 - The crusaders and particles of relics. Nicholas the Savior. 41:03 - Nicholas, whose patron saint is he? 42:48 - Patron saint of children. The story of salvation. 44:21 - Gifts on St. Nicholas Day. 44:58 - Perception of Nicholas in Eastern Europe. 47:06 - The idea of ​​a drunkard. Patron saint of the elements. 51:09 - Reformation and arrival from Spain. Gifts and punishments. 54:27 - Different images of givers and transformation into Santa Claus. 56:15 - Veneration of St. Nicholas in America. Patron saint of New York. 59:00 - Pintard and his poems about Nicholas. 1:00:08 - 1823. The poem and its connection with Christmas. 1:03:23 - Home holiday and images of Santa Claus. 1:05:29 - Coca-Cola and the image of Santa Claus. 1:06:05 - 1939. Reindeer Rudolph as the main assistant. 1:07:24 - Where does Santa Claus live? 1:09:38 - 1955 and a call to Santa Claus. 1:11:37 - Russia and Father Frost. The appearance of the Snow Maiden. 1:16:14 - Christmas as a triumph of materialism. 1:17:04 - The story of Virginia's letter. 1:20:11 - Congratulations from Tamara Nathanovna.