🔵 The Importance of the Phosphate Cycle in the Aquarium and the Difference Between Organic and Inorganic Phosphate
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Phosphate is a critical parameter in marine reef aquarium maintenance. Phosphates are one of the many forms of phosphorus compounds found in seawater. Phosphate is one of the nutrients found in our aquarium. It is incorporated through the foods we add and by the waste generated by the animals that inhabit the aquarium. Almost any organic substance can decompose and release phosphate into your aquarium. Fish waste, coral slime, food scraps, detritus and dead algae cells are very common and natural sources of phosphorus in your aquarium. Tap water is also another potential source of phosphate. Water treatment plants often add phosphates to protect pipes from corrosion. This is one of the main reasons why it is advisable to use RO and treated water for seawater preparation as well as for top-up. Like nitrate, phosphate will build up in the aquarium if its input is not controlled. Phosphate is one of the nutrients used by algae, and if the phosphate level is not checked we can end up with an unwanted infestation. Phosphate maintained above 0.05 ppm can inhibit calcification, skeleton formation, and growth of many coral species, being very important for SPS corals such as Acropora. The range that is generally considered acceptable is 0.02 to 0.05 ppm. The value that we consider recommended for the marine reef aquarium is 0.02-0.03 mg/l. Phosphate is found in organic and inorganic forms. When it is available in organic form it can be used by corals, but most algae are not able to assimilate it. This organic phosphate is converted into inorganic by bacteria, its form being orthophosphate [PO4]. Inorganic phosphate is indeed assimilated by algae, and an excess of it can produce undesirable algae in the aquarium, irritating, suffocating and even killing corals by asphyxiation.
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