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April 27, 2010 Tuesdays at the Espace des sciences with Alain Aspect, physicist, Institut d'Optique de Palaiseau, member of the Academy of Sciences, CNRS gold medalist and recent winner of the Wolf Prize. As part of the 50th anniversary of the discovery of the laser, Professor Alain Aspect proposes to talk to us about the strange and mysterious nature of light through the latest advances in quantum optics. A century after its discovery, quantum physics continues to intrigue us. Wave-particle duality, entanglement, are notions that defy common sense, and for which it is very difficult to give images. Since the introduction of the notion of quantization by Planck in 1900, and that of the quantum of light by Einstein in 1905, light has continued to offer examples of quantum strangeness. We will present experiments carried out in collaboration between the Institut d'Optique and the ENS de Cachan, spectacularly illustrating the wave-particle duality for a single photon, an object currently used in quantum cryptography.