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This method is based on several fundamentals that must be respected for the results to be optimal. It is by respecting the steps that the aquarium ecosystem will be in the best condition to be self-sufficient. The substrate The goal is to use the most natural material possible as a substrate. The ideal is to choose potting soil , but simple soil from your garden will also do perfectly. You can make a mixture with sand or clay . The idea is to have a soil as natural as it is in nature. You can then cover the soil with a thin layer of gravel to avoid suffocating the soil. Plants The planting should make up the majority of the aquarium , with as many different plants as possible. Feel free to choose background plants, floating plants, long and short leaves, etc. This will constitute the harmony of the aquarium. Start with fast-growing plants so that the aquarium quickly begins to balance itself. It is also advisable to choose plants that grow out of water so that they can extract CO2 and bring it into our ecosystem. Among your vegetation some plants will flower while others will die, this is quite normal and is part of the regulation of the aquarium. Lighting The most suitable lighting for the Diana Walstad method is fluorescent lighting with a quota of 1 watt for two liters of water. Natural sunlight is also highly appreciated, but only if the aquarium is not exposed directly to it or for a long period of time so as not to heat the water. Water filtration It is not necessary to use filtration devices with this method, the main thing is to have water that is not stagnant. For this, a basic pump is sufficient. Moving water allows its oxygenation, which is even more important during the weeks following installation. If you are still installing a filter on a large tank, choose a basic mechanical filter and not a biological filter. Water and substrate change When the aquarium has found its balance, the water change can be done from 30% to 50% every 6 months , or not at all if the balance is really perfect. At the beginning it may be necessary to make some changes to the water until the ecosystem finds its balance, you will quickly notice this. After all these steps, you can install your fish directly, but you can monitor the evolution during the first few times, or wait until the planted aquarium has only found a certain balance.