A series of random killings in China. Now, the word "San Low Three Little Things" is attracting attention as the background of the incidents. What does it mean? ■ A series of random killings "Retaliation against society"? Caster Yoshihara Ami: I will report on the series of random killings in China. There have been three in the past week alone. On November 11th, a man ran wild in a car in Guangdong Province. 35 people died and 43 were injured. Five days later, a man slashed students in Jiangsu Province on the 16th, killing eight and injuring 17. Furthermore, on the 19th, a man hit children with his car in Hunan Province, injuring many people. In addition to this, there are many other incidents targeting people indiscriminately. In response to this situation, President Xi Jinping said, "We must prevent the occurrence of extreme incidents and do everything in our power to ensure the safety of the people's lives and social stability." He issued an important directive to make every effort to prevent recurrence and stabilize society. Chiaki Horan: Mr. Ako, when is this important directive issued? Professor Tomoko Ako, Graduate School, University of Tokyo: It is often issued in response to incidents that have had a serious impact on society, but this time the number of casualties is quite large. Chiaki Horan: What effect will it have when it is issued? Professor Tomoko Ako: It is not very effective in the current situation. The Chinese government emphasizes performance and puts forward the fact that their country is doing well, but this time problems have come to light, so I think everyone is concerned about what the government's responsibility will be. They say that they will not only care for the casualties and their families, but also strengthen management. People who have little contact with the world, such as those with "three lows and three young," are unable to connect with others because the Chinese government has strengthened management in the first place, and they are unable to consult with others even if they have problems. Chiaki Horan: So if management is strengthened, it will become even stronger. Professor Ako Tomoko: I think people are more nervous and don't know how to consult about the problem or who they should connect with. Inoue Takahiro: The Chinese government is absolutely correct in what they are doing. Whenever they are told something from overseas, they simply dismiss it as interference in domestic affairs. Hagiya-san, looking at the recent crimes, no matter how many security cameras we install, it will not deter criminals who have no intention of running away after the crime. Moreover, I feel that identifying people who are likely to commit crimes will create discrimination and encourage a negative chain of events that will accelerate even further. Hagiya Maiko, Attorney at Law: I agree with that concern. Even if we find and crack down on dangerous people or regulate social media, it will not fundamentally solve the problem. I think that the situation will only get more serious if the Chinese government does not pay attention to the background of these crimes, such as poverty, inequality, and high youth unemployment. ■ Local governments support management What is the "Three Lows Three Young" that has attracted attention in this case? Yoshihara: It seems that the background to the incident is dissatisfaction with society. There are also many comments on Chinese social media such as "social retaliation is coming one after another." In addition, anxiety about the future is spreading in Chinese society due to the economic downturn. It is said that social discontent is the background to these incidents occurring one after another. In fact, looking at the motives of the crimes, in the case of the runaway vehicle incident on the 11th, it is said that the perpetrator may have been dissatisfied with the division of assets after the divorce. In addition, in the stabbing incident on the 16th, it is said that he was dissatisfied with not receiving his graduation certificate and with the salary at work. Among them, the term "San Low San Shao" is attracting attention. "San Low" means low income, social status, and social prestige. "San Shao" means few opportunities to interact with people, interact with society, and express dissatisfaction. Hong Kong media reports that local governments have instructed to focus on finding and managing these "San Low San Shao" people as people who may commit crimes. However, when you look at the demographics of the people committing these crimes, they range from low-income to middle-income to wealthy. According to Professor Ako, "China's economy is worsening, leading to a series of bankruptcies and unemployment. As a result, society as a whole is being forced to downgrade their standard of living." Holancaster: Ako, for example, should issues such as the division of assets in divorces and the issue of diplomas be seen as complaints about the social system rather than as isolated cases? Professor Ako Tomoko: Yes. The authorities' explanation of the motives makes it seem like a personal issue, but for example, with regard to the division of assets, it is said that there was dissatisfaction with the judicial process itself. If that is the case, it is possible that a fair and impartial decision was not made, or that his assets have dwindled in value amid the worsening economy, causing some kind of trouble... 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