#probability #mathematics #logicalreasoning In this class I solve 12 PROBABILITY exercises from the FGV (Getúlio Vargas Foundation) board. To download the material, access the link below: https://bit.ly/GRUPO_CONCCURSOS_PUBLICOS Playlist: COMBINATORY ANALYSIS https://bit.ly/CURSO_ANALISECOMBINATORIA Playlist: LINEAR SYSTEMS https://bit.ly/PLAYLST_SISTEMASLINEARES Q1 The ages of people who work in a certain company are distributed into ranges as shown in the following table: Age range Number of people From 20 to 29 years old 12 From 30 to 39 years old 20 From 40 to 49 years old 34 Aged 50 or over 14 If one of these people is chosen at random, the probability that they are under 40 years old is: A) 25%; B) 30%; C) 35%; D) 40%; E) 45%. Q2 April 1, 2022 will fall on a Friday. A day of this month is chosen at random. The probability that this day is a Saturday or a Sunday is A) 1/3 B) 1/5 C) 3/10 D) 4/15 E) 11/30 Q3 Among the five numbers 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, two of them are chosen at random and their product is calculated. The probability that this product is an even number is: A) 60% B) 75% C) 80% D) 85% E) 90% Q4 Peter is a great dart thrower. With each throw, the probability that Peter hits the target is 90% and is independent of whether Peter has hit the target or not in previous throws. After making two throws in a row, the probability that Peter hit the target on both throws is: A) 180% B) 90% C) 81% D) 72% E) 60% Q5 In a box there are 4 yellow cards and 6 red cards. 2 cards were randomly removed from the box. The probability that both cards drawn are red is: A) 1/2 B) 1/3 C) 1/4 D) 1/5 E) 1/6 Q6 For a prize, two employees of a company will be randomly drawn from among four candidates: two from department A and two from department B. The probability that the two drawn employees belong to the same department is: A) 1/2 B) 1/3 C) 1/4 D) 1/6 E) 3/4 Q7 An urn M contains 3 identical balls numbered from 1 to 3 and an urn N contains 4 identical balls numbered from 4 to 7. A ball will be drawn in the following manner: first a draw will be made between urns M and N and then a ball will be randomly chosen from the previously drawn urn. The probability that the number 7 is drawn is: A) 1/7 B) 2/7 C) 3/4 D) 1/4 E) 1/8 Q8 Consider all passwords made up of three uppercase vowels. Examples of such passwords are: EEE, OIA and UAU. Among all passwords of this type, choosing one of them at random, the probability that it has two of the same letters and one different letter is: A) 36%. B) 40%. C) 44%. D) 48%. E) 52%. Q9 Among the people A, B, C, D, E, two of them will be chosen by lottery to be part of the board of directors of a company. The director of the company knows these five people and said: “I would like A or B to be drawn, but I would not like D to be drawn”. The probability that the company director's wish comes true is: A) 30%; B) 40%; C) 50%; D) 60%; E) 70%. Q10 Marcela is a target shooter. When she hits a target, the probability of her hitting the next shot is 90%. When she misses a shot, the probability of her hitting the next shot is 80%. Today, Marcela missed the first shot. The probability of her hitting the third shot is A) 80%. B) 84%. C) 86%. D) 88%. E) 90%. Q11 In open votes in the Legislative Assembly, deputies X, Y and Z vote in sequence. It is known that deputies Y and Z, when voting, have a 60% probability of following the vote of the deputy who voted immediately before each of them. In a certain open vote, deputy X voted in favor of the proposal under vote. The probability of deputy Z also voting in favor of the proposal under vote is A) 30%. B) 36%. C) 40%. D) 52%. E) 60%. Q12 In a football championship, when TIMEX plays at home, the probability of winning the game is 60%, but when it plays away, the probability of winning the game is 50%. In the next three games of the championship, TIMEX will play two at home and one away. The probability of TIMEX winning at least one of these three games is: A) 30%; B) 50%; C) 75%; D) 92%; E) 95%.