Polovtsian Khan Kotyan. Historian Natalia Ivanovna Basovskaya tells the story.

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Published on Sep 28, 2023

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Kotyan Sutoevich (? - 1241) - Polovtsian khan from the Terter dynasty (Terter-oba, Durut), which gave the famous khans Iskala and Bolush, who led the first Cuman (Polovtsian) campaigns against the Russian principalities. In historical literature, there are various transcriptions of his name (Köten, Kutan, Kuthen, Kuthens, Kotyan, Kotjan, Koteny, Kötöny, Kuethan, Kuten, Khoten). In 1205, after the death of the Prince of Galicia Roman Mstislavich, Kotyan, together with his brother Somogur, participated in the campaign of Prince Rurik Rostislavich and the Olgovichi against Galich and almost fell into captivity. In 1223, after the Tatar invasion of the Polovtsian land, Kotyan came to Galich to see his son-in-law, Prince Mstislav Mstislavich, and asked him and all the Russian princes to help him against the Mongols. In 1225, Mstislav brought Kotyan, preparing to go against the Poles, who were in alliance with Daniil Romanovich, and in 1228, Kotyan helped the Grand Duke of Kiev Vladimir Rurikovich against Daniil. However, later Kotyan's Polovtsians helped Daniil against Hungary. The new appearance of the Mongols in the Polovtsian steppes was preceded by an incident with the murder of Kotyan's son Mangush by Toksobich Akkubul during a hunt. Kotyan led a successful campaign against the Toksobichi, after which they turned to the Mongols for help. The Cumans arrive in Hungary, miniature from Képes Krónika, 14th century In 1237 (according to other sources, in 1239), defeated by Batu's Mongols, Kotyan fled with 40,000 of his fellow tribesmen to Hungary[1], where King Bela IV graciously accepted him as a subject and gave them land for settlement. In exchange for granting Kotyan and his people Hungarian citizenship, the Cumans, who had previously combined Eastern Christianity with the worship of the supreme Turkic deity Tengri, converted to Catholicism. Officially, it is known from historical sources that Kotyan was baptized according to the Latin rite in 1239. One of Kotyan's daughters, known as Elizabeth of Cumania, was engaged (and later married) to the son of Bela IV, who later became Stephen (Istvan) V of Hungary. However, the Hungarian aristocracy, remembering the previous fickleness of Khan Kotyan, treated the Polovtsians with great mistrust. Literally on the eve of the Mongol invasion of Hungary, noble conspirators killed Kotyan and his sons in Pest (suspecting, most likely groundlessly, that Kotyan might defect to Batu). After the death of their beloved ruler, most of the Polovtsians (Cumans, Kuns) renounced Catholicism and went into subjection to the Bulgarian Tsar Coloman I. Some of the Polovtsians (including Elizabeth of Kuman) remained in Hungary. That's right. Echo of Moscow. Historian Natalia Ivanovna Basovskaya tells the story. Please support our channel by subscribing. Leave comments and follow our publications!

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