Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease, characterized by a decrease in bone resistance and a consequent increase in skeletal fragility. This situation leads to an increased risk of fracture (especially of the vertebrae, femur, humerus, wrist and ankle) due to even minimal trauma. Since it is a silent disease, which does not give significant symptoms, prevention and control are very important. In this regard, we had the pleasure of interviewing Prof. Giuseppe Rinonapoli, Associate Professor in Orthopedics and Traumatology at the Orthopedic Clinic of the University of Perugia, who spoke to us in detail about what osteoporosis is, how it manifests itself, how to prevent it and how to treat it. It is estimated that in Italy osteoporosis affects approximately 5,000,000 people, the majority of whom are post-menopausal women. But men are not exempt either. Fragility fractures from osteoporosis have significant consequences, both in terms of mortality and motor disability, with high health and social costs. Mortality from femoral fracture is 5% in the month following the event and 15-25% at one year. In 20% of cases, there is a permanent loss of the ability to walk independently and only 30-40% of these subjects return to the conditions before the fracture. Unfortunately, as we were saying, osteoporosis is a silent disease, it does not cause pain, it does not give symptoms. The goal must be to prevent the fracture. But how are osteoporosis fractures prevented? Certainly by adopting a healthy lifestyle, constant physical activity, a balanced diet, calcium and vitamin D intake. Furthermore, in the most at-risk groups, it is necessary to do specific tests such as bone densitometry, which is more commonly called MOC (Computerized Bone Mineralometry), with which, through DEXA (very similar to an X-ray), the bone mineral density is measured, translated with a parameter that is indicated as T-score. But, to identify osteoporotic subjects, the MOC is not enough, it is also necessary to undergo questionnaires, which are proposed by family doctors or doctors who deal with bone metabolism, who identify the factors that put the patient at risk of suffering a fragility fracture. Unfortunately, in the world, the data are discouraging: only 20% of those who have suffered a fragility fracture are identified and therefore are at high risk of suffering another. Once osteoporosis has been diagnosed, it is important to consistently follow the treatment, so as not to nullify the benefits of the prescribed medications. In this regard, many initiatives have been proposed by associations and scientific bodies to raise awareness and inform on the topic. On 19 and 20 January 2024, the 4th National Congress of the Fragility Fracture Network – Italy (FFN-Italy) was held. The Fragility Fracture Network (FFN) is an international organization whose goal is to create a multidisciplinary network of experts to optimize the management and secondary prevention of fragility fractures. The goal of the congress is to discuss the "Appropriateness, Quality and Sustainability of Care in the Orthogeriatric Pathway", sharing the problems and possible solutions developed in the local and national scenario to "bridge the gap between evidence and best clinical practice", under various profiles: organizational, clinical, surgical, rehabilitative and assistance. Professor Rinonapoli, as President of this Association, is keen to reiterate how important “individual and collective responsibility is to improve patient identification, the prescription of effective and appropriate pharmacological interventions, and the monitoring of care based on care and continuity of care.” A hot topic that sees Italy in second place in the world rankings in terms of percentage of people over sixty-five. Osteoporosis is a condition typical of the elderly, which is why a country like Italy finds itself facing this problem more than many other countries. Information, prevention, and adherence to prescribed treatments, in constant collaboration between GPs, patients and specialists in the sector, are all themes that must be pursued in an important process of health education. We will continue our journey into the theme of “Osteoporosis” in future interviews. Professor Giuseppe Rinonapoli remains at the complete disposal of all the audience of Medicina e Cure for any questions, advice or clarifications.