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THE NEW GASOLINE. Should I choose alcohol or gasoline? The new gasoline has a higher density and makes the engine more efficient. But are you familiar with the concept of energy efficiency? In simple terms, energy efficiency is synonymous with better use of the energy source. It is a cause and effect relationship: the greater the use of energy and the lower the loss rate, the greater the efficiency of the energy resource. Question 01 (Enem) Flex-fuel cars are a reality in Brazil. These vehicles are equipped with an engine that can run on more than one type of fuel. However, people who have this type of vehicle, when refueling, always have the question: alcohol or gasoline? To evaluate the consumption of these fuels, a trip was made in a flex-fuel vehicle, consuming 40 liters of gasoline and on the return trip ethanol was used. The same energy consumption was considered for both the outward and return trips. The table summarizes some approximate data on these fuels. Question 02 (Enem 2nd application 2016) The internal combustion engine, used to transport people and cargo, is a heat engine whose cycle consists of four stages: intake, compression, explosion/expansion, and exhaust. These stages are represented in the pressure versus volume diagram. In gasoline engines, the air/fuel mixture is ignited by an electric spark. Question 03 (Enem PPL) Internal combustion engines perform better when higher compression rates can be adopted in their combustion chambers, without the fuel spontaneously igniting. Fuels with higher compression resistance indexes, that is, higher octane, are associated with compounds with shorter carbon chains, with a greater number of branches, and with branches further away from the ends of the chain. The octane isomer that is most resistant to compression is adopted as the standard value of 100% octane. Based on the information in the text, which of the following isomers would this compound be? a) n-octane. b) 2,4-dimethylhexane. c) 2-methylheptane. d) 2,5-dimethylhexane. e) 2,2,4-trimethylpentane.