Resilience, the ability of the human psyche to react to crisis situations, has been one of the important research focuses of modern psychology since before the beginning of the corona pandemic. In order to understand how people can deal with change and which factors are important in overcoming challenges, it is worth taking a look into the past. Because crises, be they pandemics, civilizational upheavals or personal strokes of fate, are as old as humanity itself. "Leibniz Debates" takes a look at the history of resilience: How did people in ancient times react to crises? What role did spirituality play in dealing with crisis situations? And: How do ancient and prehistoric resilience factors differ from those of today? Debating this: Alexandra Busch, General Director of the Roman-Germanic Central Museum, Leibniz Research Institute for Archaeology, and Professor at the Institute of Classical Studies/Department of Classical Archaeology at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz. Her research focuses on Roman military archaeology, social archaeology and cultures of remembrance. She is also the spokesperson for the profile area 40,000 Years of Human Challenges at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and the Leibniz Cooperative Excellence Project Resilience Factors in Diachronic and Intercultural Perspective. In an interdisciplinary team, she researches which factors enabled people in different times and places to cope with challenges and stressful situations. Klaus Lieb, Scientific Director of the Leibniz Institute for Resilience Research and Director of the Clinic for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy at the University Medical Center Mainz. His research focuses include systematic evidence syntheses on cognitive and behavioral mechanisms of resilience and resilience-promoting interventions, long-term studies on mechanisms of resilience and on treatment response prediction in affective disorders. Together with Alexandra Busch, he is working on the Leibniz Cooperative Excellence Project Resilience Factors in Diachronic and Intercultural Perspective, of which he is co-spokesperson. Martina Brockmeier, President of the Leibniz Association, will open the event. It will be moderated by Christina Berndt, author and editor at the Süddeutsche Zeitung.