Ingenious Architecture – the Castle in the Middle Ages
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The castle - the symbol of power in the Middle Ages. It is supposed to be an impregnable fortress. To ensure this, the castle builders follow a sophisticated construction principle. It can be found in many castles. The drawbridge and a moat filled with water protect the castle's entrance gate. The defenders can fire at the castle's besiegers from narrow loopholes. If attackers still manage to get into the gatehouse, stones rain down on them from the castle's so-called murder hole. Further walls protect the main house and the outbuildings from the attackers. The last defensive bastion and security bunker at a lofty height is the so-called keep. A wooden staircase that is easy to tear down leads to a higher entrance. This is easy to defend. Once this hurdle has been overcome, the only option is to escape upwards. Now things are getting tight for the castle's defenders. But completely destroying the castle is usually not the attacker's intention. On the contrary. He wants to gain possession of the valuable complex. And in the Middle Ages, biological and chemical weapons were also used. Over the centuries, new tactical ideas for conquering castles were born. A constant arms race between attackers and defenders. Only a few fighters were needed to defend a castle. On the other hand, attackers needed a whole lot. The age of castles only came to an end with the invention of cannons. Although there were still attempts to adapt castle architecture to the new weapon, the castles could not win the race against the increasingly powerful guns. So many castles fell into disrepair from the end of the Middle Ages. In the 19th century, some castles were rebuilt - as a glorification of Germany's past. Whether reconstruction or ruin - castles shape many of our landscapes to this day. #TerraXstattSchule #MrWissen2Go #Fortress The video "The Power of Castles" is from the series "Moments of History", broadcast on January 1st, 2016: https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/mome... You can find further episodes of the series "Moments of History" here: https://www.zdf.de/dokumentation/mome... Subscribe? Just click here - / @terraxplus Terra X instead of school in the ZDFmediathek - https://kurz.zdf.de/schuletx/#xtor=CS... Terra X on Facebook - / zdfterrax Terra X on Instagram - / terrax
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