Christine Tibika was born in Łódź as Fanny Kurc. Her mother Raja Filkenstein probably died in Treblinka; her family came from Białystok. Her father Zalman Kurc came from a Łódź family, a textile worker, and with his brother had a factory in Zduńska Wola and a shop in Łódź. Christine Tibika's parents studied in Nancy, returned to Poland in 1933 (they did not finish their studies) and settled in Łódź. After the outbreak of the war, the family was placed in the Warsaw ghetto, from where Christine Tibika was taken out thanks to her father's connections. She lived with the Wajcman family in Grochów and stayed there until 1945 or 1946. After the war, she was adopted by her father's family. She worked at the Institute of Nuclear Research. In 1961, she married engineer Leszek Niedziułka. In 1968, she was fired from her job, divorced and decided to emigrate. She left for Israel, where she worked as a chemist and met her second husband. She left for France, where she lives to this day. INTERVIEWEE NAME: Christine Tibika INTERVIEWED BY: Józef Markiewicz RECORDING: Józef Markiewicz DATE OF RECORDING: December 8, 2016 COPYRIGHT TO THE RECORDING: POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews Key threads: 00:00:42 Contemporary visits to Warsaw, 00:02:30 Information about the interviewee’s family. 00:04:24 Life in the ghetto; the interviewee’s removal from the ghetto; the Wajcman family; her father’s visits; her parents’ death. 00:13:44 Information about the interviewee’s parents’ families. 00:17:01 Living with the Wajcman family in Grochów; a neighbour betrays those in hiding; living with the Janiszewski family in Rembertów and return to the Wajcmans. English: 00:21:41 The Wajcmans and the interlocutor are placed in a camp in Pruszków. 00:23:23 The Wajcmans hide a Jewish boy and woman. 00:24:32 Being found by the family after the war and the interlocutor’s adoption; the post-war fate of the father’s family. 00:26:56 Marriage and work; being fired from work in 1968; divorce and decision to emigrate. 00:28:13 Lack of a sense of Jewish identity in Poland; no experiences of anti-Semitism before 1968. 00:32:18 Awareness of the fate of the parents; contact with the Wajcman family after the war. 00:35:30 The interlocutor’s real name; documents from the interlocutor’s archive. 00:40:15 Meeting with the Israeli ambassador; memories of 1968; the interlocutor’s first husband’s family; the wave of anti-Semitism; attitude of the interlocutor’s husband’s mother. English: 00:53:25 The interviewee’s husband’s family and suicide. 00:58:07 The decision to emigrate; choosing Israel as the place of emigration; views on Israeli policy. 01:04:24 The interviewee’s mother’s family living in Israel. 01:07:12 No thoughts of leaving before 1968; being fired from work. 01:11:22 Formalities related to leaving. 01:13:48 The road to Israel; documents from the interviewee’s archive. 01:17:43 First weeks in Israel; education and work. 01:21:44 Reflection on emigration and one’s own national and religious identity. 01:27:22 The husband’s mezuzah; work in an office in France. 01:29:53 No need to regain Polish citizenship; feelings related to leaving; loss of doctoral thesis. 01:36:35 Views on March 1968, society, responsibility for the March events. 01:41:08 First arrival in Poland after emigration. Subscribe to our channel: / @historiamowionapolin Discover the POLIN Museum's oral history collection: https://sztetl.org.pl/pl/historia-mow... Photographs from the period of Fanny (Krystyna) Kurc's hiding in the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews collection: https://wmuzeach.pl/kolekcje/muzeum-h... Watch the POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews channels: POLIN (announcements and reports from events at the Museum): / mhzp2013 Virtual Shtetl (history and culture of Polish Jews): / wirtualneshtetl Polish Righteous (stories of help provided to Jews during the Holocaust): / polscysprawiedliwi Contact for interview sharing: [email protected] #PolinMuseum #SpokenHistory #WarsawGhetto #March68 #emigration