How Khrushchev Deprived School Gold Medals of Gold and Meaning

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Иван Зайцевский PRO историю

Published on Dec 25, 2024
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On August 27, 1959, the USSR Government issued Resolution No. 1025 "On Awarding Medals to Graduates of Secondary Comprehensive Schools." This document itself is often positioned in less-than-deep sources like Wikipedia as almost a fundamental milestone in this useful undertaking in all respects. Although in fact, the situation with this Khrushchev resolution (Nikita Sergeevich, in addition to the post of First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee, also held the post of Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR) is, as they say, exactly the opposite. Fortunately, in the sense of not completely abolishing school gold (and silver) medals, but maximally emasculating the content originally embedded in them. For the first time, these awards for the best schoolchildren were introduced a decade and a half earlier - by Resolution of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR No. 1247 of May 30, 1945. The fundamental decision on this matter was made by the authorities on June 22, 1944, as part of much broader educational reforms. In particular, they affected the grading system, when a clear five-point system was introduced in all schools and universities in the country. While before that, there was inconsistency in this area, where, depending on the educational institution, a 5-point, 10-point, or 12-point grading system could be used. And even a “non-digital” system in the manner of assessing the behavior of schoolchildren or the exam grades of students - “excellent”, “good”, “satisfactory”, “unsatisfactory”. No less important was the establishment of order in the rules for admitting school graduates to universities, which had previously changed almost every year. For example, since 1936, it was necessary to have a secondary education - and pass the entrance exams with at least “Cs”. With the outbreak of the war, in its first, most difficult months, many male students had to be called up to the front. Then, all high school graduates who wanted to were allowed to sit at the student bench - even without passing the entrance exam session. And only in June 1944, when the situation in the country more or less stabilized - entrance exams for applicants were restored again. Accordingly, with the competition for the latter - if the number of applicants to a particular popular institute or university exceeded the number of places in the first year. Nevertheless, the previous provision on admission without exams for school graduates was retained - as an important benefit for those very "medalists". Those who received "A" in all subjects in their certificate - with a gold medal. At the same time, for such disciplines requiring special talents, such as singing, drawing, physical education and even basic military training (!) they were allowed not to have "A". "Silver" was also awarded for three "fours" in school exams, and the holders of such medals took one exam at the university they liked. By the way, it was not at all necessary to get an "excellent" - it was enough to at least not get a "fail". It is interesting to note that this state of affairs existed under the "tyrant Stalin" and in the first years after his death. But under "good-natured Brezhnev" in 1968, "silver medals" were completely abolished (until 1985), and the previous benefits of "gold" medalists were significantly curtailed. Right down to the level of the previous "silver prize winners", and even more so. So, now the holder of a gold medal, instead of the previous one "interview", had to pass one specialized exam - and necessarily with a 5. Otherwise, in order to receive the coveted student card, he had to pass 2-3 more entrance exams - and get a total score not lower than the "passing" in this "alma mater". The requirements for applicants for gold medals were also seriously tightened. Thus, their work on the "written exams" (usually mathematics and an essay), after checking by school teachers, was subject to rechecking at least in the district education department, and even in the region! Also, not even an exam, but a "fourth" three in the report card, and even a two for a regular lesson in the class register could be fatal. Support me on Boosty: https://boosty.to/ivanzaitsevskii My VK: https://vk.com/publiczaitsevskogo My Telegram: https://t.me/IvanZaitsevskii #USSR #Khrushchev #History #IvanZaitsevsky #Medal

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