How does a worm gear work? Static and dynamic self-locking (self-braking)
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Worms are a special type of gear in which a tooth winds spirally around a shaft. The opposite wheel is called a worm wheel and the entire gear is called a worm gear. The number of gears on a worm corresponds to the number of teeth on a gear and thus determines the gear ratio. The advantages of worm gears are their high gear ratio, their load capacity, low noise and the ability to transmit large amounts of power. Power is transmitted in worm gears by means of helical sliding processes, which is why they are classified as helical rolling gears. The choice of materials for worms and worm wheels takes into account sliding with as little friction and wear as possible. Depending on their shape, worms can be divided into cylindrical worms and globoid worms. Globoid worms can transmit higher power, but are more complex and therefore more expensive to manufacture. Worm gears are often self-locking, which means that the torque is only transmitted in one direction. A distinction is made between static self-locking and dynamic self-locking (self-braking). Self-locking gears generally have a lower efficiency. In certain situations, when large masses are moved, it may be necessary to let the worm run after the motor is switched off in order to reduce flank forces. This can be achieved by using lubricants or special run-on devices. 00:00 What is a worm gear (worm and worm wheel) 01:29 How is the gear ratio determined? 02:45 Advantages of worm gears 04:44 Material selection for worm and worm wheel 05:38 Cylindrical worms (cylindrical worm gears) 06:11 Globoid worms (globoid worm gears) 07:23 Self-locking 08:55 Static and dynamic self-locking (self-braking) 10:27 Efficiency vs. self-locking 11:21 Run-on of worm gears
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