🔸 Contact: ☎ (11) 2769-3929 📱 (11) 99590-1506 WhatsApp: 📲 https://bit.ly/2HCRkgt 💻 https://www.clinicauroonco.com.br/ Schedule: http://bit.ly/2WMMiCI R. Borges Lagoa 1070, Cj 52 V. Mariana - São Paulo - SP Dr. Bruno Benigno CRM SP 126265 Urologist at H. Alemão Oswaldo Cruz Uro-oncology and Robotic Surgery Instagram: @dr_benigno Dr. Bruno Benigno: Hello everyone, I'm Dr. Bruno Benigno, uro-oncologist and director of the Uro Onco Clinic in São Paulo. In today's video, we will address an extremely important topic for men: the Gleason scale and its relevance in prostate cancer. Let's get started! [Block 1: Risk factors, PSA and biopsy for prostate cancer diagnosis] Dr. Bruno Benigno: Before we talk about the Gleason scale, it is essential to understand some essential concepts related to prostate cancer. First, there are risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing this disease, such as advanced age, family history and ethnicity. One of the main tools for detecting prostate cancer is the blood test called PSA (Prostate Specific Antigen). An elevated PSA may indicate the presence of cancer, however, it is important to note that not all PSA elevations are associated with cancer and may be the result of benign conditions. When prostate cancer is suspected, the doctor may request a biopsy. This is a technique that involves collecting small samples of prostate tissue for laboratory analysis. [Block 2: Types of prostate biopsy: transrectal or transperineal. Risks and benefits] Dr. Bruno Benigno: There are two common types of prostate biopsy: transrectal and transperineal. In transrectal, tissue samples are obtained through the rectum, while in transperineal, they are collected through the skin between the scrotum and the anus. Both procedures have risks and benefits. Transrectal is more common and less invasive, but it can be associated with a small risk of infection. Transperineal is more accurate in obtaining samples, but it can have a slightly longer recovery time. It is important to discuss with your urologist which method is most appropriate for your case, taking into account individual factors. [Block 3: How the pathologist calculates the Gleason score in the biopsy tissue] Dr. Bruno Benigno: Now let's talk about the Gleason scale. The Gleason score is a way of classifying the aggressiveness of prostate cancer based on the characteristics observed in the biopsy tissue. The pathologist analyzes the tissue samples and assigns a Gleason score to each area with cancerous cells. The score ranges from 2 to 10, with 2 being the least aggressive and 10 being the most aggressive. [Block 4: How we calculate aggressiveness and the chance of cure, based on the Gleason scale] Dr. Bruno Benigno: Based on the Gleason scores obtained, it is possible to determine the degree of aggressiveness of prostate cancer. The higher the score, the greater the likelihood of rapid growth and spread of the disease. Based on this information, the urologist can plan the most appropriate treatment. In cases of low-risk prostate cancer, active monitoring may be chosen, while in cases of more aggressive cancer, it is necessary to consider treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, hormonal therapy or a combination of these. It is important to emphasize that the Gleason scale is only one of the factors used in the evaluation of prostate cancer. Other factors, such as the stage of the disease and the presence of metastases, are also considered to determine the prognosis and the most appropriate treatment. [Block 5: Final message and thanks] Dr. Bruno Benigno: We have reached the end of this informative video about the Gleason scale and its importance in prostate cancer. I hope that the information presented has been useful to you. I would like to thank everyone for their attention and interest in this subject. If you would like to learn more about prostate cancer, its treatments and the services offered by Clínica Uro Onco, I invite you to visit our website at www.clinicauroonco.com.br. Remember, early detection is essential to increase the chances of a cure. Make regular appointments with your urologist and be aware of the signs and symptoms. Take care of yourself and see you next time!