What are proteins? You probably already know that they are a fundamental part of your diet, but they are much more than that! LEARN MORE ************* Amino acids: are organic compounds that contain amino (–NH2) and carboxyl (–COOH) functional groups, along with a specific side chain for each amino acid; Proteins: are macromolecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Most proteins fold into unique three-dimensional structures. The way in which a protein naturally folds is known as its native conformation; Alpha-helix (α-helix): is present in the secondary structure of the levels of protein organization. It resembles a spiral staircase; Beta-sheet (β-sheet): is a structural pattern found in several proteins, in which neighboring regions of the polypeptide chain associate through hydrogen bonds resulting in a flattened and rigid structure; Ribbon diagrams: These are 3D schematic representations of protein structure that show the general path and organization of the protein backbone in 3D. Ribbon diagrams are generated by interpolating a smooth curve through the polypeptide structure. α-helices are shown as coiled ribbons or thick tubes, β-strands as arrows, and non-repeating coils or loops as thin lines or tubes. HELP MINUTE OF EARTH ******************************* If you like what we do, you can help us: Becoming a channel member for just R$ 2.99 per month / @minutodaterra Making a donation http://bit.ly/doarMDT Sharing this video with your friends Leaving a comment (I read it!) SOCIAL MEDIA ***************** / minutodaterra / minutodaterra / ominutodaterra CREDITS *********** Brazilian version [email protected] Translation and dubbing: Leonardo Gonçalves Souza Video editing: Ricardo Gonçalves Souza Production: Maria Carolina Passos Official and authorized translation of the MinuteEarth channel, produced by Neptune Studios LLC https://neptunestudios.info Original video: Proteins: Explained • Proteins: Explained SOURCES ********************* Goodsell, David (2006). Visual Methods from Atoms to Cells. Structure 13, Issue 3:347-354. doi:10.1016/j.str.2005.01.012 Protein 3D images created using Mol* (https://molstar.org/) and structure data from RCSB PDB (https://www.rcsb.org/) Mol* (D. Sehnal, AS Rose, J. Kovca, SK Burley, S. Velankar (2018) Mol*: Towards a common library and tools for web molecular graphics MolVA/EuroVis Proceedings. doi:10.2312/molva.20181103) Villin folding trajectory by Stefan Doerr - https://figshare.com/authors/Stefan_D... Clathrin Structure (PDB ID: 3IYV) Fotin, A., et al (2004). Molecular model for a complete clathrin lattice from electron cryomicroscopy. Nature 432:573-579. doi:10.1038/nature03079 Immunoglobulin Structure (PDB IDs: 1IGT & 1IGY) Harris, LJ, et al (1998). Crystallographic structure of an intact IgG1 monoclonal antibody. J Mol Biol 275: 861-872. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1997.1508 ATP Synthase Structure (PDB IDs: 5ARE, 5ARI & 5FIL) Zhou, A., et al (2015). Structure and conformational states of the bovine mitochondrial ATP synthesis by cryo-EM. ELife, 4. doi:10.7554/eLife.10180 RCSB PDB Molecule of the Month by David S. Goodsell (The Scripps Research Institute and the RCSB PDB) - https://pdb101.rcsb.org/motm/72 Photosystem II (PDB ID: 5XNL) Su, X., et al (2017). Structure and assembly mechanism of plant C2S2M2-type PSII-LHCII supercomplex. Science 357: 815-820. doi:10.1126/science.aan0327 Ribonuclease (PDB ID: 2AAS) Santoro, J., et al (1993). High-resolution three-dimensional structure of ribonuclease A in solution by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. J Mol Biol 229: 722-734. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1993.1075 Myosin (PDB ID: 1B7T) Houdusse, A., et al (1999). Atomic structure of scallop myosin subfragment S1 complexed with MgADP: a novel conformation of the myosin head. Cell 97: 459-470. doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80756-4 This channel is part of Science Vlogs Brasil, a collaborative quality seal that brings together reliable science communicators from YouTube Brazil. See all channels at /sciencevlogsbrasil