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Seungja-chongtong overwhelmed the Jurchen cavalry on Joseon's northern border. Japanese matchlock muskets (jochong) characterized the late Sengoku Period in Japan. The two firearms went head to head in the Imjin War. Were seungja-chongtong inferior to Japanese matchlock muskets in all respects? Why were seungja-chongtong replaced by matchlock muskets so quickly? This story deals with the confrontation between seungja-chongtong, which reached the pinnacle of existing firearms, and the matchlock musket, an innovative weapon of the new era. Seungja-chongtong overwhelmed the Jurchen cavalry on Joseon's northern border. Japanese matchlock muskets (jochong) characterized the late Sengoku Period in Japan. The two firearms went head to head in the Imjin War. Were seungja-chongtong inferior to Japanese matchlock muskets in all respects? Why were seungja-chongtong replaced by matchlock muskets so quickly? This episode deals with seungja-chongtong, the most advanced hand cannon at the time, and their contest against matchlock muskets, an innovative firearm in a new era.