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What was the first source of energy that humans used in history? It's very simple: muscle power, both our own and that of animals. Sometimes it may escape us, but muscle power was the main energy resource for thousands and thousands of years, at least until the end of the Middle Ages. Other energy resources such as wind, water power and wind power were then added to muscle power. Then, coal power powered the first steam engines. It was the 18th century and it was only the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in which we are still immersed. A revolution made of machines, technologies and above all the exploitation of forms of energy that were previously unthinkable in terms of variety, quality and quantity. A revolution that brought enormous benefits, but which today we must deal with from the point of view of sustainability and environmental impact. Speakers Federico Rampini, Italian journalist and essayist naturalized American, Federico Rampini represents a direct witness of international geopolitics. A foreign correspondent for years, he was deputy director of Il Sole 24 Ore and from 1997 to 2021 foreign correspondent for La Repubblica. Today he holds the role of editorialist for Corriere della Sera from New York. Roberto Roveda Graduated in Modern Literature and Historical Sciences, as well as a well-known medievalist specialized in historical dissemination, Roberto Roveda collaborates with magazines of the caliber of Medioevo, Limes and Focus and is the author and collaborator of numerous essays and school textbooks.