Egypt Builds World's Longest Man-Made River
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Published on Dec 15, 2024
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For Egypt, a country that relies almost entirely on the Nile River, water security is a matter of national survival. With a rapidly growing population of over 100 million and growing, Egypt is pushing the boundaries of what the Nile can provide. In the heart of Egypt’s vast desert, an audacious plan has emerged to create the world’s longest man-made river. The idea may seem far-fetched at first, but it is a visionary response to Egypt’s pressing water scarcity and management challenges. The country, with its unique geography and climate, coupled with a growing population and increasing demand for water, faces a complex water crisis that requires an innovative solution. If successful, the project could transform Egypt’s landscape and provide water for generations to come. However, an undertaking of this magnitude also carries risks and uncertainties. Egypt’s population has grown rapidly in recent decades, straining the country’s limited water resources. The Nile River can no longer provide enough water for Egypt’s nearly 100 million citizens and its agricultural needs. The project will divert water from Lake Nasser, the reservoir behind the Aswan High Dam, into a new river channel that runs parallel to the Nile. Egypt’s population is projected to reach 150 million by 2050, so this additional source of water is crucial to meeting future demand. It is a gigantic feat of engineering, consisting of three channels that are built under different conditions to the rest of Egypt’s irrigation canals, as it transports water to desert areas that are more than 100 metres above the Nile River. “The first channel is 42km long, including 26km of pipes and 16km of open canals to transport around 10 million cubic metres from the Rashid branch of the Mostaqbal Egypt project. “The second channel extends some 170km from Hammam station to transport seven million cubic metres of water per day, for a total of around 2.5 billion cubic metres, to the south. 22 km are 220 km long pipes with a diameter of three meters, as well as 148 km of open channel with 13 pumping stations. "The third channel within the project (Egyptian Paradise) is two lines of pipeline 12 km long for desalination of salty groundwater through 132 underground wells and three pumping stations." This unusual artificial river will include an extensive network of pipes buried underground, 22 kilometers long, designed to transport groundwater, agricultural runoff and treated water from the Alabama station. In addition, the open section of the river will stretch for 92 kilometers. Remarkably, 35 percent of the water transmission pipes have already been installed, as well as 65 percent of the open structure.
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